Nottingham Centre for Gender Dysphoria, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Nottingham Centre for Gender Dysphoria, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Sex Med Rev. 2016 Jan;4(1):3-14. doi: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2015.10.003. Epub 2016 Jan 8.
There is a growing clinical recognition that a significant proportion of patients with gender dysphoria have concurrent autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
The purpose of this review is to systematically appraise the current literature regarding the co-occurrence of gender dysphoria and ASD.
A systematic literature search using Medline and PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase was conducted from 1966 to July 2015.
Fifty-eight articles were generated from the search. Nineteen of these publications met the inclusion criteria.
The literature investigating ASD in children and adolescents with gender dysphoria showed a higher prevalence rate of ASD compared with the general population. There is a limited amount of research in adults. Only one study showed that adults attending services for gender dysphoria had increased ASD scores. Another study showed a larger proportion of adults with atypical gender identity and ASD.
Although the research is limited, especially for adults, there is an increasing amount of evidence that suggests a co-occurrence between gender dysphoria and ASD. Further research is vital for educational and clinical purposes.
越来越多的临床医生认识到，相当一部分性别焦虑患者同时患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。
本综述旨在系统评价目前关于性别焦虑和 ASD 共病的文献。
从 1966 年到 2015 年 7 月，使用 Medline 和 PubMed、PsycINFO 和 Embase 进行了系统的文献检索。
从检索中产生了 58 篇文章。其中有 19 篇出版物符合纳入标准。
调查性别焦虑儿童和青少年中 ASD 的文献显示，ASD 的患病率高于普通人群。成人方面的研究数量有限。只有一项研究表明，接受性别焦虑治疗的成年人的 ASD 评分增加。另一项研究表明，具有非典型性别认同和 ASD 的成年人比例更大。
尽管研究有限，特别是针对成年人，但越来越多的证据表明性别焦虑和 ASD 共病。进一步的研究对于教育和临床目的至关重要。
