模仿自然的多孔陶瓷——具有单向排列孔隙的微观结构的制备与性能
Porous ceramics mimicking nature-preparation and properties of microstructures with unidirectionally oriented pores.
作者信息
Okada Kiyoshi, Isobe Toshihiro, Katsumata Ken-Ichi, Kameshima Yoshikazu, Nakajima Akira, MacKenzie Kenneth J D
机构信息
Materials and Structures Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta, Midori, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan.
Department of Metallurgy and Ceramics Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, O-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan.
出版信息
Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2011 Oct 10;12(6):064701. doi: 10.1088/1468-6996/12/6/064701. eCollection 2011 Dec.
Porous ceramics with unidirectionally oriented pores have been prepared by various methods such as anodic oxidation, templating using wood, unidirectional solidification, extrusion, etc. The templating method directly replicates the porous microstructure of wood to prepare porous ceramics, whereas the extrusion method mimics the microstructures of tracheids and xylems in trees. These two methods are therefore the main focus of this review as they provide good examples of the preparation of functional porous ceramics with properties replicating nature. The well-oriented cylindrical through-hole pores prepared by the extrusion method using fibers as the pore formers provide excellent permeability together with high mechanical strength. Examples of applications of these porous ceramics are given, including their excellent capillary lift of over 1 m height which could be used to counteract urban heat island phenomena, and other interesting properties arising from anisotropic unidirectional porous structures.
具有单向排列孔隙的多孔陶瓷已通过多种方法制备而成，如阳极氧化、使用木材的模板法、单向凝固、挤压等。模板法直接复制木材的多孔微观结构来制备多孔陶瓷，而挤压法则模仿树木中管胞和木质部的微观结构。因此，这两种方法是本综述的主要关注点，因为它们为制备具有模仿自然特性的功能性多孔陶瓷提供了很好的示例。通过以纤维为造孔剂的挤压法制备的取向良好的圆柱形通孔孔隙，兼具优异的渗透性和高机械强度。文中给出了这些多孔陶瓷的应用实例，包括其超过1米高度的出色毛细上升能力，可用于抵消城市热岛现象，以及由各向异性单向多孔结构产生的其他有趣特性。
Zotero 插件