Powell Tia, Shapiro Sophia, Stein Ed
Psychiatrist, bioethicist, and professor of clinical epidemiology and clinical psychiatry at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City, where she is also director of the Montefiore Einstein Center for Bioethics, and a fellow of the American Psychiatric Society, the New York Academy of Medicine, and the Hastings Center.
Resident in emergency medicine at Bellevue Hospital in New York City.
AMA J Ethics. 2016 Nov 1;18(11):1126-1131. doi: 10.1001/journalofethics.2016.18.11.pfor3-1611.
Arguments to support transgender rights often rely on "born that way" arguments, which assert that gender identity is innate, immutable, and unassociated with choice. These arguments are vulnerable to attack on several grounds, including on the basis of emerging scientific data. Stronger support for transgender rights arises from human rights arguments.
支持跨性别者权利的论据通常依赖于“天生如此”的观点,这种观点认为性别认同是天生的、不可改变的,且与选择无关。这些论据在几个方面容易受到攻击,包括基于新出现的科学数据。对跨性别者权利更有力的支持来自人权论据。