Norcini Pala Andrea, Villano Paola, Clinton Lauren
a HIV center New York State Psychiatric Institute (NYSPI)/Columbia University , New York , New York , USA.
b School of Psychology and Education , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy.
J Homosex. 2017;64(13):1778-1792. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2016.1265358. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
Attitudes of Italian heterosexual men and women toward gay men, both HIV positive and negative, are poorly investigated. Italian culture is still extremely conservative and provides limited support to the gay community (e.g., lack of same-sex marriage recognition). Consequently, gay men experience social exclusion and disparities. The present study explores the association between homophobia and closeness with sexual orientation and HIV status. 261 heterosexual Italian men and women were assessed for feelings of closeness and homophobia after reading a vignette where the character was C1: heterosexual and HIV negative; C2: gay and HIV negative; or C3: gay and HIV positive. Experiences of homophobia and closeness varied depending on gender of participant and condition assigned, and higher levels of homophobia were correlated with lower levels of closeness regardless of HIV status. Implications and future directions are discussed.
意大利异性恋男性和女性对呈HIV阳性和阴性的男同性恋者的态度，目前鲜有研究。意大利文化仍然极度保守，对同性恋群体的支持有限（例如，不承认同性婚姻）。因此，男同性恋者面临社会排斥和差异。本研究探讨了恐同症与性取向及HIV状况亲密程度之间的关联。261名意大利异性恋男性和女性在阅读了一个人物设定为C1：异性恋且HIV阴性；C2：男同性恋且HIV阴性；或C3：男同性恋且HIV阳性的短文后，接受了亲密感和恐同症评估。恐同症和亲密感的体验因参与者的性别和所分配的情境而异，且无论HIV状况如何，较高水平的恐同症都与较低水平的亲密感相关。本文还讨论了研究的意义和未来方向。
