Anastasiadou M, Michailidis G
Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction of Farm Animals, Department of Animal Production, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Res Vet Sci. 2016 Dec;109:86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.09.016. Epub 2016 Sep 28.
Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases and is usually associated with consumption of Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) contaminated poultry meat or eggs. Contamination with SE is usually the result of infection of the digestive tract, or reproductive organs, especially the ovary and vagina. Thus, knowledge of endogenous innate immune mechanisms operating in the ovary and vagina of hen is an emerging aspect of reproductive physiology. Cytokines are key factors for triggering the immune response and inflammation in chicken to Salmonella infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profile of 11 proinflammatory cytokines in the chicken embryos during embryonic development, as well as in the hen ovary and vagina in vivo, to investigate whether sexual maturation affects their ovarian and vaginal mRNA abundance and to determine whether cytokine expression was constitutive or induced in the ovary and vagina as a response to SE infection. RT-PCR analysis revealed that several cytokines were expressed in the chicken embryos, and in the ovary and vagina of healthy birds. Expression of various cytokines during sexual maturation appeared to be developmentally regulated. In addition, a significant up-regulation of several cytokines in the ovary and vagina of sexually mature SE infected birds compared to healthy birds of the same age was observed. These results suggest a cytokine-mediated immune response mechanism against Salmonella infection in the hen reproductive organs.
沙门氏菌病是最重要的人畜共患病之一，通常与食用受肠炎沙门氏菌（SE）污染的禽肉或禽蛋有关。SE污染通常是消化道或生殖器官，尤其是卵巢和阴道感染的结果。因此，了解母鸡卵巢和阴道中内源性先天免疫机制是生殖生理学中一个新出现的方面。细胞因子是触发鸡对沙门氏菌感染的免疫反应和炎症的关键因素。本研究的目的是调查11种促炎细胞因子在鸡胚胎发育过程中以及在母鸡体内卵巢和阴道中的表达谱，研究性成熟是否会影响它们在卵巢和阴道中的mRNA丰度，并确定细胞因子的表达在卵巢和阴道中是组成性的还是作为对SE感染的反应而诱导的。逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）分析显示，几种细胞因子在鸡胚胎以及健康鸟类的卵巢和阴道中表达。性成熟过程中各种细胞因子的表达似乎受到发育调控。此外，与同龄健康鸟类相比，在性成熟的SE感染鸟类的卵巢和阴道中观察到几种细胞因子显著上调。这些结果表明在母鸡生殖器官中存在一种细胞因子介导的抗沙门氏菌感染免疫反应机制。
