Lapidus L, Bengtsson C, Hällström T, Björntorp P
Department of Primary Health Care, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Appetite. 1989 Aug;13(1):25-35. doi: 10.1016/0195-6663(89)90024-x.
The associations between generalized obesity measured as body mass index (BMI), or adipose tissue distribution, measured as the waist/hip circumference ratio (WHR), on one hand, and a number of socioeconomic, somatic as well as psychologic and mental health variables on the other, were analysed in a population study of women (1462 participants, aged 38-60 years, participation rate 90.1%). The anthropometric measurements were adjusted for their influence on each other. BMI, but not WHR, was negatively associated with socioeconomic status and education. Increased WHR correlated to a number of somatic diseases from different organ systems, including diabetes mellitus, infectious respiratory and abdominal diseases. Even more striking were strong correlations to a number of variables indicating accident proneness as well as mental disorder, and increased use of antidepressants and tranquilizers. BMI and WHR were also associated to different personality profiles. Furthermore, the use of alcohol and smoking were positively correlated to the WHR. In contrast, most of these associations were not seen with the BMI--sometimes even negative correlations were found. Exceptions were, however, varicose veins, joint problems and surgery for gall bladder disease, which were positively correlated to BMI only. Blood pressure, plasma triglycerides and uric acid were positively correlated to both BMI and the WHR, plasma cholesterol, however, only to the WHR. Obesity (high BMI) and abdominal adipose tissue distribution (high WHR) clearly show differences in their associations to various health variables. It is hypothesized that an arousal syndrome might be a contributing factor to cause symptoms of psychological maladjustment, including psychosomatic disease. Hypothetically, in parallel, an accumulation of depot fat in the abdominal depot, might follow as a consequence of neuroendocrine dysregulation of endocrine secretions.
在一项针对女性的人群研究（1462名参与者，年龄38 - 60岁，参与率90.1%）中，分析了一方面以体重指数（BMI）衡量的全身性肥胖或另一方面以腰臀围比（WHR）衡量的脂肪组织分布与一些社会经济、躯体以及心理和精神健康变量之间的关联。对人体测量指标之间的相互影响进行了校正。BMI与社会经济地位和教育程度呈负相关，但WHR并非如此。WHR升高与来自不同器官系统的多种躯体疾病相关，包括糖尿病、传染性呼吸道疾病和腹部疾病。更显著的是，与一些表明易发生事故以及精神障碍的变量以及抗抑郁药和镇静剂使用增加之间存在强相关性。BMI和WHR也与不同的人格特征相关。此外，饮酒和吸烟与WHR呈正相关。相比之下，这些关联大多在BMI方面未观察到——有时甚至发现负相关。然而，例外情况是静脉曲张、关节问题和胆囊疾病手术，它们仅与BMI呈正相关。血压、血浆甘油三酯和尿酸与BMI和WHR均呈正相关，然而，血浆胆固醇仅与WHR呈正相关。肥胖（高BMI）和腹部脂肪组织分布（高WHR）在与各种健康变量的关联中明显显示出差异。据推测，一种唤醒综合征可能是导致心理失调症状（包括身心疾病）的一个促成因素。假设与此同时，腹部脂肪储存的积累可能是内分泌分泌神经内分泌失调的结果。
