Niyazmetova Luiza, Aimagambetova Gulzhanat, Stambekova Nazigul, Abugalieva Zaurech, Seksembayeva Korlukain, Ali Syed, Azizan Azliyati
Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan.
University Medical Center, Mother and Child Hospital, 32,Turan Avenue, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Jan;54:85-88. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.11.410. Epub 2016 Nov 25.
Human papillomavirus is the main causative agent for cervical cancer. However, few data are available about HPV prevalence in Kazakhstan. The aims of this study were to genotype HPV DNA in Pap smear samples of women to determine prevalence of carcinogenic HPV types in Astana, Kazakhstan and to analyze the association between HPV positivity and the cytology results of patient samples.
Pap smear materials were obtained from 140 patients aged 18-59, who visited the outpatient gynecological clinic. Microscopic examination was done to detect dysplasia, and HPV genotyping was done using real-time multiplex PCR.
HPV testing showed that among 61 HPV positive patients, the most prevalent types were 16 and 18. Microscopic examination showed that 79% of the samples had normal cytology, while 13% had CIN grade I, 5% had CIN grade II, and 3% had CIN grade III. The analysis revealed that 12% of the samples had CIN cytology and presence of HPV. Approximately 31% had HPV without cervical dysplasia, while 8% of samples were CIN positive without HPV infection. A statistically significant relationship between HPV 16 and HPV 33 positive samples and CIN grade II and III was found.
Overall, this study will help to strengthen and guide health policy implementation of primary and secondary cervical cancer prevention strategies in Kazakhstan.
人乳头瘤病毒是宫颈癌的主要致病因子。然而，关于哈萨克斯坦人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）的流行情况，现有数据很少。本研究的目的是对女性巴氏涂片样本中的HPV DNA进行基因分型，以确定哈萨克斯坦阿斯塔纳致癌性HPV类型的流行情况，并分析HPV阳性与患者样本细胞学结果之间的关联。
从140名年龄在18至59岁、前往妇科门诊就诊的患者中获取巴氏涂片材料。通过显微镜检查检测发育异常，并使用实时多重聚合酶链反应进行HPV基因分型。
HPV检测显示，在61名HPV阳性患者中，最常见的类型是16型和18型。显微镜检查显示，79%的样本细胞学正常，13%有一级宫颈上皮内瘤变（CIN I），5%有二级CIN（CIN II），3%有三级CIN（CIN III）。分析显示，12%的样本有CIN细胞学特征且存在HPV。约31%的样本有HPV但无宫颈发育异常，而8%的样本CIN阳性但无HPV感染。发现HPV 16型和HPV 33型阳性样本与CIN II级和III级之间存在统计学上的显著关系。
总体而言，本研究将有助于加强和指导哈萨克斯坦宫颈癌一级和二级预防策略的卫生政策实施。
