Seligmann Hervé
Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Émergentes, Faculté de Médecine, URMITE CNRS-IRD 198 UMER 6236, IHU (Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
J Theor Biol. 2017 Feb 7;414:76-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.11.021. Epub 2016 Nov 27.
Protein sequences have higher linguistic complexities than human languages. This indicates undeciphered multilayered, overprinted information/genetic codes. Some superimposed genetic information is revealed by detections of transcripts systematically (a) exchanging nucleotides (nine symmetric, e.g. A<->C, fourteen asymmetric, e.g. A->C->G->A, swinger RNAs) translated according to tri-, tetra- and pentacodons, and (b) deleting mono-, dinucleotides after each trinucleotide (delRNAs). Here analyses of two independent proteomic datasets considering natural proteolysis confirm independently translation of these non-canonical RNAs, also along tetra- and pentacodons, increasing coverage of putative, cryptically encoded proteins. Analyses assuming endoproteinase GluC and elastase digestions (cleavages after residues D, E, and A, L, I, V, respectively) detect additional peptides colocalizing with detected non-canonical RNAs. Analyses detect fewer peptides matching GluC-, elastase- than trypsin-digestions: artificial trypsin-digestion outweighs natural proteolysis. Results suggest occurrences of complete proteins entirely matching non-canonical, superimposed encoding(s). Protein-coding after bijective transformations could explain genetic code symmetries, such as along Rumer's transformation.
蛋白质序列比人类语言具有更高的语言复杂性。这表明存在尚未破译的多层、叠加信息/遗传密码。通过系统检测转录本可以揭示一些叠加的遗传信息：(a) 交换核苷酸（9种对称情况，如A<->C，14种不对称情况，如A->C->G->A，摆动RNA），并根据三联体、四联体和五联体密码子进行翻译；(b) 在每个三核苷酸后删除单核苷酸和二核苷酸（delRNA）。在这里，对两个考虑自然蛋白水解的独立蛋白质组数据集的分析独立证实了这些非规范RNA也能沿着四联体和五联体密码子进行翻译，增加了推定的、隐秘编码蛋白质的覆盖范围。假设内蛋白酶GluC和弹性蛋白酶消化（分别在残基D、E以及A、L、I、V之后切割）的分析检测到与检测到的非规范RNA共定位的额外肽段。分析发现与GluC、弹性蛋白酶消化匹配的肽段比胰蛋白酶消化的少：人工胰蛋白酶消化超过了自然蛋白水解。结果表明存在完全匹配非规范、叠加编码的完整蛋白质。双射变换后的蛋白质编码可以解释遗传密码的对称性，例如沿着鲁默变换。
