Funk Wolfgang
Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Frau-Holle-Straße 32, 81739, Munich, Germany.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Mar;21(1):33-39. doi: 10.1007/s10006-016-0594-x. Epub 2016 Dec 2.
Producing youthful facial appearance by face-lifting often comes along with an undesired loss of patient's individual phenotype. This may result from insufficient preservation of retaining ligaments, the "guardians of facial identify," and from severance of the intersegmental connections of the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS), which tether, structure, and compartmentalize facial soft tissue into defined, relevant anatomical zones.
The technique reported here preserves most retaining ligaments. They serve to fix the facial soft tissue mass in loco. With the possible exception of the zygomatic-cutaneous ligament, they are only carefully distended. The SMAS intersegmental connections and the zygomatic SMAS border are preserved to retain effective points of facial tissue fixture. Aging-associated thinning and lengthening of the lower eyelid are reduced by midfacial-submalar preparation (Aston 1996). Subplatysmal preparation and disconnection of the cranial-platysmal border permits optimal modeling of neck structure.
The combination of preservation of retaining ligaments and SMAS tethering ("PRESTO facelift") introduced here as a novel face-lifting technique conserves the individual esthetics of the patient by approaching her/his individual phenotype from decades ago. In addition, undesired outcomes of facelift surgery and common risks of facelift surgery are circumvented.
The PRESTO facelift technique generates optimal esthetic results that conserve a patient's personal facial identity, besides restoring a more youthful appearance and being rapid and safe.
通过面部提升术打造年轻的面部外观往往伴随着患者个体表型的意外丧失。这可能是由于对面部固定韧带(“面部特征的守护者”)的保留不足,以及浅表肌肉腱膜系统(SMAS)节段间连接的切断,这些连接将面部软组织束缚、构建并分隔成明确的、相关的解剖区域。
本文报道的技术保留了大部分面部固定韧带。它们用于原位固定面部软组织块。除颧皮韧带可能除外,仅对其进行小心的牵张。保留SMAS节段间连接和颧部SMAS边界以保留面部组织固定的有效点。通过面中部 - 颧下区域的处理(Aston 1996)减少与衰老相关的下睑变薄和延长。颈阔肌下区域的处理以及颅 - 颈阔肌边界的切断可实现颈部结构的最佳塑形。
本文介绍的保留面部固定韧带和SMAS束缚相结合的方法(“PRESTO面部提升术”)作为一种新型面部提升技术,通过重现数十年前患者的个体表型来保留其个体美学特征。此外,还规避了面部提升手术的不良后果和常见风险。
PRESTO面部提升术除了能恢复更年轻的外观且快速安全外,还能产生最佳美学效果,保留患者个人的面部特征。