Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Facial Plast Surg. 2021 Oct;37(5):556-563. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1715616. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Facelift surgery has become a beautifully predictable, safe, and extremely effective operation. Our patients can expect natural and long-lasting results as a direct outcome of our improved understanding and applications of surgical facial anatomy. Rhytidectomy, once an operation of simple well-placed elliptical skin excisions, evolved to include longer skin flaps, skin and platysma flaps with various superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) manipulations, and various deep plane techniques involving the skin and SMAS as a single unit composite flap. Extended deep plane rhytidectomy and vertical vector neck and SMAS lifting have emerged in recent years as techniques that extend the traditional deep plane dissection into the neck in a subplatysmal plane to allow for release of the platysma from the cervical retaining ligaments. This, ultimately, allows for the creation of a dramatically more youthful appearing face, neck, and jawline.
面部提升术已成为一种精确、安全且效果极佳的手术。通过对手术面部解剖学的深入理解和应用，我们的患者可以获得自然且持久的效果。除皱术曾经是一种简单的、位置良好的椭圆形皮肤切除术，现已发展为包括更长的皮瓣、皮肤和颈阔肌皮瓣，并采用各种浅层肌肉腱膜系统 (SMAS) 操作技术，以及各种涉及皮肤和 SMAS 的深层平面技术，将其作为一个单一的整体复合瓣。近年来，扩展的深层平面除皱术和垂直向量颈部和 SMAS 提升术已经出现，这些技术将传统的深层平面解剖扩展到颈部的皮下平面，以允许颈阔肌从颈保留韧带中释放。这最终使面部、颈部和下颌线呈现出更加年轻的外观。
