Mohan Shruthi, Koshy Teena, Vekatachalam Perumal, Nampoothiri Sheela, Yesodharan Dhanya, Gowrishankar Kalpana, Kumar Jeevan, Ravichandran Latha, Joseph Santhosh, Chandrasekaran Anupama, Paul Solomon F D
Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, India.
Department of Paediatric Genetics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2016 Aug;144(2):206-214. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.195031.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Subtelomeres are prone to deleterious rearrangements owing to their proximity to unique sequences on the one end and telomeric repetitive sequences, which increase their tendency to recombine, on the other end. These subtelomeric rearrangements resulting in segmental aneusomy are reported to contribute to the aetiology of idiopathic intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD). We undertook this study to estimate the frequency of subtelomeric rearrangements in children with ID/DD.
One hundred and twenty seven children with idiopathic ID/DD were tested for subtelomeric rearrangements using karyotyping and FISH. Blood samples were cultured, harvested, fixed and GTG-banded using the standard protocols.
Rearrangements involving the subtelomeres were observed in 7.8 per cent of the tested samples. Detection of rearrangements visible at the resolution of the karyotype constituted 2.3 per cent, while those rearrangements detected only with FISH constituted 5.5 per cent. Five deletions and five unbalanced translocations were detected. Analysis of parental samples wherever possible was informative regarding the inheritance of the rearrangement.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of subtelomeric rearrangements observed in this study was within the reported range of 0-35 per cent. All abnormal genotypes were clinically correlated. Further analysis with array technologies presents a future prospect. Our results suggest the need to test individuals with ID/DD for subtelomeric rearrangements using sensitive methods such as FISH.
亚端粒因其一端靠近独特序列,另一端靠近端粒重复序列,容易发生有害重排,这增加了它们的重组倾向。据报道,这些导致节段性非整倍体的亚端粒重排与特发性智力残疾/发育迟缓(ID/DD)的病因有关。我们开展这项研究以估计ID/DD儿童中亚端粒重排的频率。
使用核型分析和荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术对127例特发性ID/DD儿童进行亚端粒重排检测。按照标准方案对血样进行培养、收获、固定并进行GTG显带。
在7.8%的检测样本中观察到涉及亚端粒的重排。在核型分辨率下可见的重排检测率为2.3%,而仅通过FISH检测到的重排率为5.5%。检测到5例缺失和5例不平衡易位。尽可能对亲代样本进行分析,对于重排的遗传情况具有参考价值。
本研究中观察到的亚端粒重排频率在报道的0%-35%范围内。所有异常基因型均与临床相关。使用阵列技术进行进一步分析是未来的一个研究方向。我们的结果表明,有必要使用FISH等敏感方法对ID/DD个体进行亚端粒重排检测。