Xie X, Tang L H, Huang X X, Wu Y, Su H L
Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201101, China.
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2016 Dec 12;39(12):944-947. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2016.12.008.
To investigate the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI) and associated risk factors among the tuberculosis(TB) contacts in Minhang District of Shanghai. A self-designed questionnaire was used to acquire socio-demographic information and to assess the degree of exposure to index cases. LTBI screening was performed by T-SPOT.TB assay. Pearson chi-square test and Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors associated with LTBI among the TB contacts. A total of 137 contacts from 59 mycobacterial (culture) positive pulmonary TB patients were enrolled in this study. In these contacts, there were 54 men and 83 women, with the average age of 42. LTBI was identified in 20% (27/137) of these contacts. Several risk factors were found by logistic analyses in this study. The worse the ventilation in the exposure location was, the more likely to develop LTBI. Contacts aged more than 60 (42.1%) were 3.9 times more likely to develop LTBI than those aged less than 60 (16.1%). Individuals in contact with TB patients for more than 40 h/week(25.8%) had a 4.2 times risk of LTBI as compared to those for less than 40 h/week(6.8%). The prevalence of LTBI was 20% among the TB contacts in this study, highlighting the need of TB screening and intervention among TB contacts.
为调查上海市闵行区结核病（TB）接触者中潜伏性结核感染（LTBI）的患病率及相关危险因素。采用自行设计的问卷获取社会人口学信息，并评估与索引病例的接触程度。通过T-SPOT.TB检测进行LTBI筛查。采用Pearson卡方检验和Logistic回归分析确定TB接触者中与LTBI相关的危险因素。本研究共纳入了59例分枝杆菌（培养）阳性肺结核患者的137名接触者。在这些接触者中，男性54名，女性83名，平均年龄42岁。这些接触者中有20%（27/137）被确诊为LTBI。本研究通过Logistic分析发现了几个危险因素。接触地点通风越差，发生LTBI的可能性越大。60岁以上的接触者（42.1%）发生LTBI的可能性是60岁以下接触者（16.1%）的3.9倍。每周与TB患者接触超过40小时的个体（25.8%）发生LTBI的风险是每周接触少于40小时个体（6.8%）的4.2倍。本研究中TB接触者中LTBI的患病率为20%，突出了对TB接触者进行结核病筛查和干预的必要性。
