State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.
Division of Marine Chemistry, National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Feb;221:141-149. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.055. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
Plastic pollution is a growing global concern. In the present study, we investigated plastic pollution in 21 species of sea fish and 6 species of freshwater fish from China. All of the species were found to ingest micro- or mesoplastics. The average abundance of microplastics varied from 1.1 to 7.2 items by individual and 0.2-17.2 items by gram. The average abundance of mesoplastics varied from 0.2 to 3.0 items by individual and 0.1-3.9 items by gram. Microplastics were abundant in 26 species, accounting for 55.9-92.3% of the total number of plastics items in each species. Thamnaconus septentrionalis contained the highest abundance of microplastics (7.2 items/individual). The average abundance of plastics in sea benthopelagic fishes was significantly higher than in freshwater benthopelagic fishes by items/individual. The plastics were dominanted by fiber in shape, transparent in color and cellophane in composition. The proportion of plastics in the stomach to the intestines showed great variation in different species, ranging from 0.5 to 1.9 by items/individual. The stomach of Harpodon nehereus and intestines of Pampus cinereus contained the highest number of plastics, (3.3) and (2.7), respectively, by items/individual. Our results suggested that plastic pollution was widespread in the investigated fish species and showed higher abundance in comparison with worldwide studies. The ingestion of plastics in fish was closely related to the habitat and gastrointestinal tract structure. We highly recommend that the entire gastrointestinal tract and digestion process be used in future investigations of plastic pollution in fish.
塑料污染是一个日益严重的全球性问题。在本研究中，我们调查了来自中国的 21 种海鱼和 6 种淡水鱼中的塑料污染。所有的鱼类都被发现摄入了微塑料或中塑料。微塑料的平均丰度个体之间从 1.1 到 7.2 个不等，每克从 0.2 到 17.2 个不等。中塑料的平均丰度个体之间从 0.2 到 3.0 个不等，每克从 0.1 到 3.9 个不等。微塑料在 26 种鱼类中很丰富，占每种鱼类总塑料数量的 55.9-92.3%。北方拟沙丁鱼含有最多的微塑料（7.2 个/个体）。海底层鱼类的塑料丰度个体之间显著高于淡水底层鱼类。塑料的形状以纤维为主，颜色透明，组成部分为玻璃纸。不同物种的胃和肠中塑料的比例差异很大，个体之间从 0.5 到 1.9 不等。黑线鳕的胃和灰鲷的肠中含有最多的塑料，分别为 3.3 和 2.7 个/个体。我们的研究结果表明，在所调查的鱼类物种中，塑料污染普遍存在，与世界范围内的研究相比，其丰度更高。鱼类摄入塑料与栖息地和胃肠道结构密切相关。我们强烈建议在未来的鱼类塑料污染研究中使用整个胃肠道和消化过程。
