Serradj Najet, Agger Sydney F, Hollis Edmund R
Burke Medical Research Institute, White Plains, New York, NY 10605, United States.
Burke Medical Research Institute, White Plains, New York, NY 10605, United States; Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, United States.
Neurosci Lett. 2017 Jun 23;652:94-104. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 6.
Restoring corticospinal function after spinal cord injury is a significant challenge as the corticospinal tract elicits no substantive, spontaneous regeneration, and its interruption leaves a permanent deficit. The corticospinal circuit serves multiple motor and sensory functions within the mammalian nervous system as the direct link between isocortex and spinal cord. Maturation of the corticospinal circuit involves the refinement of projections within the spinal cord and a subsequent refinement of motor maps within the cortex. The plasticity of these cortical motor maps mirrors the acquisition of skilled motor learning, and both the maps and motor skills are disrupted following injury to the corticospinal tract. The motor cortex exhibits the capacity to incorporate changes in corticospinal projections induced by both spontaneous and therapeutic-mediated plasticity of corticospinal axons through appropriate rehabilitation. An understanding of the mechanisms of corticospinal plasticity in motor learning will undoubtedly help inform strategies to improve motor rehabilitation after spinal cord injury.
脊髓损伤后恢复皮质脊髓功能是一项重大挑战，因为皮质脊髓束不会产生实质性的自发再生，其中断会导致永久性缺陷。皮质脊髓回路作为大脑皮层与脊髓之间的直接联系，在哺乳动物神经系统中发挥多种运动和感觉功能。皮质脊髓回路的成熟涉及脊髓内投射的细化以及随后皮层内运动图谱的细化。这些皮质运动图谱的可塑性反映了熟练运动学习的获得，并且在皮质脊髓束损伤后，图谱和运动技能都会受到破坏。运动皮层具有通过适当康复来整合由皮质脊髓轴突的自发和治疗介导的可塑性所引起的皮质脊髓投射变化的能力。了解运动学习中皮质脊髓可塑性的机制无疑将有助于为改善脊髓损伤后运动康复的策略提供信息。
