Shamma S A, Shen N M, Gopalaswamy P
Electrical Engineering Department, University of Maryland, College Park 20742.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1989 Sep;86(3):989-1006. doi: 10.1121/1.398734.
A neural network model is proposed for the binaural processing of interaural-time and level cues. The two-dimensional network measures interaural differences by detecting the spatial disparities between the instantaneous outputs of the two ears. The network requires no neural delay lines to generate such attributes of binaural hearing as the lateralization of all frequencies, and the detection and enhancement of noisy signals. It achieves this by comparing systematically, at various horizontal shifts, the spatiotemporal responses of the tonotopically ordered array of auditory-nerve fibers. An alternative view of the network operation is that it computes approximately the cross correlation between the responses of the two cochleas by combining an ipsilateral input at a given characteristic frequency (CF) with contralateral inputs from locally off-CF locations. Thus the network utilizes the delays already present in the traveling waves of the basilar membrane to extract the correlation function. Simulations of the network operation with various signals are presented as are comparisons to computational schemes suggested for stereopsis in vision. Physiological arguments in support of this scheme are also discussed.
提出了一种用于双耳处理耳间时间和强度线索的神经网络模型。这个二维网络通过检测两耳瞬时输出之间的空间差异来测量耳间差异。该网络无需神经延迟线就能生成双耳听觉的各种属性，如所有频率的侧向定位以及噪声信号的检测和增强。它通过在不同水平位移下系统地比较听觉神经纤维按音调排列阵列的时空响应来实现这一点。对网络操作的另一种看法是，它通过将给定特征频率（CF）处的同侧输入与来自局部非CF位置的对侧输入相结合，近似计算两个耳蜗响应之间的互相关。因此，该网络利用基底膜行波中已有的延迟来提取相关函数。给出了该网络对各种信号操作的模拟结果，并与视觉中为立体视觉建议的计算方案进行了比较。还讨论了支持该方案的生理学依据。
