Rosen C L, Bunge R P, Ard M D, Wood P M
Miami Project, University of Miami School of Medicine, Florida 33136.
J Neurosci. 1989 Oct;9(10):3371-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.09-10-03371.1989.
We have determined the effect of Type 1 astrocytes on the myelination of dorsal root ganglion cell axons by oligodendrocytes obtained from adult animals. Experiments were initiated by the addition of oligodendrocytes [purified either by density gradient centrifugation and treatment in culture with 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FdU) or by fluorescence-activated cell sorting after immunostaining with antigalactocerebroside antibody] to cultures of purified neurons. In control conditions, the added oligodendrocytes proliferate and, after 4 weeks, accomplish substantial myelination of the sensory axons. Type 1 astrocytes (purified from cultures of dissociated newborn rat cerebral cortex by vigorous shaking to remove less adherent cells) or fibroblasts (purified from cultures of cranial periosteum by serial replating) were added to some of these cultures after the oligodendrocytes had attached and started to proliferate. We observed that the added Type 1 astrocytes, but not the added fibroblasts, strongly inhibited myelination and caused decreased oligodendrocyte proliferation or survival. These effects of added Type 1 astrocytes were reproduced with Type 1 astrocyte-conditioned medium. We conclude that Type 1 astrocytes can release soluble factors that inhibit oligodendrocyte myelination.
我们已经确定了1型星形胶质细胞对成年动物少突胶质细胞介导的背根神经节细胞轴突髓鞘形成的影响。实验开始时，将少突胶质细胞[通过密度梯度离心和在培养中用5-氟脱氧尿苷（FdU）处理纯化，或在用抗半乳糖脑苷脂抗体免疫染色后通过荧光激活细胞分选纯化]添加到纯化神经元的培养物中。在对照条件下，添加的少突胶质细胞增殖，4周后，完成感觉轴突的大量髓鞘形成。在少突胶质细胞附着并开始增殖后，将1型星形胶质细胞（通过剧烈振荡从新生大鼠大脑皮层解离培养物中纯化以去除粘附性较差的细胞）或成纤维细胞（通过连续传代从颅骨骨膜培养物中纯化）添加到其中一些培养物中。我们观察到，添加的1型星形胶质细胞而非添加的成纤维细胞强烈抑制髓鞘形成，并导致少突胶质细胞增殖或存活减少。添加的1型星形胶质细胞的这些作用在1型星形胶质细胞条件培养基中得以重现。我们得出结论，1型星形胶质细胞可以释放抑制少突胶质细胞髓鞘形成的可溶性因子。
