Curral Luis, Marques-Quinteiro Pedro, Gomes Catarina, Lind Pedro G
Centro de Investigação em Ciência Psicológica, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
William James Center for Research, ISPA-IU, Lisboa, Portugal.
PLoS One. 2016 Dec 14;11(12):e0166697. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166697. eCollection 2016.
Recent theoretical contributions have suggested a theory of leadership that is grounded in complexity theory, hence regarding leadership as a complex process (i.e., nonlinear; emergent). This article tests if complexity leadership theory promotes efficiency in work groups. 40 groups of five participants each had to complete four decision making tasks using the city simulation game SimCity4. Before engaging in the four decision making tasks, participants received information regarding what sort of leadership behaviors were more adequate to help them perform better. Results suggest that if complexity leadership theory is applied, groups can achieve higher efficiency over time, when compared with other groups where complexity leadership is not applied. This study goes beyond traditional views of leadership as a centralized form of control, and presents new evidence suggesting that leadership is a collective and emergent phenomenon, anchored in simple rules of behavior.
近期的理论贡献提出了一种基于复杂性理论的领导力理论，因此将领导力视为一个复杂的过程（即非线性的；涌现的）。本文检验复杂性领导力理论是否能提高工作团队的效率。40个由五名参与者组成的小组必须使用城市模拟游戏《模拟城市4》完成四项决策任务。在参与这四项决策任务之前，参与者收到了关于何种领导行为更有助于他们表现得更好的信息。结果表明，如果应用复杂性领导力理论，与未应用复杂性领导力的其他小组相比，随着时间的推移，各小组能够实现更高的效率。这项研究超越了将领导力视为集中控制形式的传统观点，并提供了新的证据表明领导力是一种基于简单行为规则的集体和涌现现象。
