Coelho de Souza Fernanda, Dexter Kyle G, Phillips Oliver L, Brienen Roel J W, Chave Jerome, Galbraith David R, Lopez Gonzalez Gabriela, Monteagudo Mendoza Abel, Pennington R Toby, Poorter Lourens, Alexiades Miguel, Álvarez-Dávila Esteban, Andrade Ana, Aragão Luis E O C, Araujo-Murakami Alejandro, Arets Eric J M M, Aymard C Gerardo A, Baraloto Christopher, Barroso Jorcely G, Bonal Damien, Boot Rene G A, Camargo José L C, Comiskey James A, Valverde Fernando Cornejo, de Camargo Plínio B, Di Fiore Anthony, Elias Fernando, Erwin Terry L, Feldpausch Ted R, Ferreira Leandro, Fyllas Nikolaos M, Gloor Emanuel, Herault Bruno, Herrera Rafael, Higuchi Niro, Honorio Coronado Eurídice N, Killeen Timothy J, Laurance William F, Laurance Susan, Lloyd Jon, Lovejoy Thomas E, Malhi Yadvinder, Maracahipes Leandro, Marimon Beatriz S, Marimon-Junior Ben H, Mendoza Casimiro, Morandi Paulo, Neill David A, Vargas Percy Núñez, Oliveira Edmar A, Lenza Eddie, Palacios Walter A, Peñuela-Mora Maria C, Pipoly John J, Pitman Nigel C A, Prieto Adriana, Quesada Carlos A, Ramirez-Angulo Hirma, Rudas Agustin, Ruokolainen Kalle, Salomão Rafael P, Silveira Marcos, Stropp Juliana, Ter Steege Hans, Thomas-Caesar Raquel, van der Hout Peter, van der Heijden Geertje M F, van der Meer Peter J, Vasquez Rodolfo V, Vieira Simone A, Vilanova Emilio, Vos Vincent A, Wang Ophelia, Young Kenneth R, Zagt Roderick J, Baker Timothy R
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK.
Proc Biol Sci. 2016 Dec 14;283(1844). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1587.
Lineages tend to retain ecological characteristics of their ancestors through time. However, for some traits, selection during evolutionary history may have also played a role in determining trait values. To address the relative importance of these processes requires large-scale quantification of traits and evolutionary relationships among species. The Amazonian tree flora comprises a high diversity of angiosperm lineages and species with widely differing life-history characteristics, providing an excellent system to investigate the combined influences of evolutionary heritage and selection in determining trait variation. We used trait data related to the major axes of life-history variation among tropical trees (e.g. growth and mortality rates) from 577 inventory plots in closed-canopy forest, mapped onto a phylogenetic hypothesis spanning more than 300 genera including all major angiosperm clades to test for evolutionary constraints on traits. We found significant phylogenetic signal (PS) for all traits, consistent with evolutionarily related genera having more similar characteristics than expected by chance. Although there is also evidence for repeated evolution of pioneer and shade tolerant life-history strategies within independent lineages, the existence of significant PS allows clearer predictions of the links between evolutionary diversity, ecosystem function and the response of tropical forests to global change.
随着时间的推移，谱系往往会保留其祖先的生态特征。然而，对于某些性状而言，进化历史中的选择作用也可能在决定性状值方面发挥了作用。要确定这些过程的相对重要性，需要对物种间的性状和进化关系进行大规模量化。亚马逊树木植物区系包含高度多样的被子植物谱系和具有广泛不同生活史特征的物种，为研究进化遗产和选择对性状变异的综合影响提供了一个绝佳的系统。我们使用了与热带树木生活史变异主轴相关的性状数据（例如生长和死亡率），这些数据来自封闭树冠森林中的577个清查地块，并将其映射到一个涵盖300多个属的系统发育假说上，该假说包括所有主要的被子植物分支，以测试性状的进化限制。我们发现所有性状都有显著的系统发育信号（PS），这与进化相关的属具有比随机预期更相似的特征一致。虽然也有证据表明在独立谱系中先锋和耐荫生活史策略会反复进化，但显著PS的存在使得对进化多样性、生态系统功能以及热带森林对全球变化的响应之间的联系有更清晰的预测。
