Youssef Mohamed, El-Ashker Maged
Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2017 Feb;49(2):239-244. doi: 10.1007/s11250-016-1211-6. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
Health problems occurring during the transition period in dairy cattle are of utmost importance as they can decrease the animal's reproductive performance and favor the development of various metabolic diseases with resultant significant reproductive disorders. Among the commonly reported metabolic diseases occurring during that time, hyperketonemia is the most prevalent and could provoke a significant economic impact. The failing of a dairy cow to transit optimally between pregnancy and lactation is economically very relevant and should be considered. Until now, the role of insulin resistance (IR) in the etiology of subclinical ketosis (SCK) in dairy cattle is not clearly understood. This review aims to shed some light on the role of IR and oxidative stress in dairy cows with SCK during the transition period. The data presented in this review demonstrates that dairy cows could be vulnerable to the development of negative energy balance during transition. Moreover, the transitional cows could succumb to both IR and oxidative stress; however, the exact role of IR in cows with SCK needs further investigations. It is imperative to elaborate a suitable nutritional strategy to facilitate an easy transit of cows through this critical period and to minimize health problems and improve productivity during lactation.
奶牛围产期出现的健康问题至关重要，因为它们会降低动物的繁殖性能，并助长各种代谢疾病的发展，从而导致严重的繁殖障碍。在这段时间内常见的代谢疾病中，高酮血症最为普遍，可能会造成重大经济影响。奶牛在妊娠和泌乳之间未能顺利过渡，在经济上非常关键，应予以考虑。到目前为止，胰岛素抵抗（IR）在奶牛亚临床酮病（SCK）病因学中的作用尚不清楚。本综述旨在阐明IR和氧化应激在围产期患有SCK的奶牛中的作用。本综述提供的数据表明，奶牛在围产期可能易患负能量平衡。此外，围产期奶牛可能会受到IR和氧化应激的影响；然而，IR在患有SCK的奶牛中的确切作用需要进一步研究。制定合适的营养策略以促进奶牛轻松度过这一关键时期，并尽量减少健康问题，提高泌乳期的生产力势在必行。
