Leggio Lorenzo, Lee Mary R
Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md; Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI.
Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
Am J Med. 2017 Feb;130(2):124-134. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.10.004. Epub 2016 Oct 29.
Alcohol is a leading cause of liver disease worldwide. Although alcohol abstinence is the crucial therapeutic goal for patients with alcoholic liver disease, these patients have less access to psychosocial, behavioral, and/or pharmacologic treatments for alcohol use disorder. Psychosocial and behavioral therapies include 12-step facilitation, brief interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational enhancement therapy. In addition to medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for alcohol use disorder (disulfiram, naltrexone, and acamprosate), recent efforts to identify potential new treatments have yielded promising candidate pharmacotherapies. Finally, more efforts are needed to integrate treatments across disciplines toward patient-centered approaches in the management of patients with alcohol use disorder and alcoholic liver disease.
在全球范围内,酒精是导致肝脏疾病的主要原因。尽管戒酒是酒精性肝病患者至关重要的治疗目标,但这些患者获得针对酒精使用障碍的心理社会、行为和/或药物治疗的机会较少。心理社会和行为疗法包括12步促进法、简短干预、认知行为疗法和动机增强疗法。除了美国食品药品监督管理局批准用于治疗酒精使用障碍的药物(双硫仑、纳曲酮和阿坎酸)外,最近寻找潜在新治疗方法的努力已经产生了有前景的候选药物疗法。最后,在酒精使用障碍和酒精性肝病患者的管理中,需要做出更多努力,以跨学科整合治疗方法,采取以患者为中心的方法。