Perry Kevin I, Hanssen Arlen D
From the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2017 Feb;25 Suppl 1:S4-S6. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-16-00634.
Host optimization, reduction of bacteria, and establishing proper wound environment in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods are the traditional cornerstones of infection prevention. Most institutions have standardized a systems approach to reduce the incidence of surgical site infections. Typically, these systems-based approaches promote protocols for hand and environmental hygiene, patients risk assessment and screening, surgical delays for identifiable and modifiable risk factors, infection surveillance, antibiotic stewardship programs, communication/coordination of care, physician 360° reporting, and unit-based safety programs. Despite the institution of these prevention efforts, there remains controversy about the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a number of these approaches.
在术前、术中和术后进行宿主优化、减少细菌数量以及营造合适的伤口环境是预防感染的传统基石。大多数机构都制定了标准化的系统方法来降低手术部位感染的发生率。通常，这些基于系统的方法推广了手部和环境卫生、患者风险评估与筛查、针对可识别和可改变风险因素的手术延迟、感染监测、抗生素管理计划、护理沟通/协调、医生360°报告以及基于科室的安全计划等方案。尽管采取了这些预防措施，但其中许多方法的有效性和成本效益仍存在争议。
