Vokurka J
Sb Ved Pr Lek Fak Karlovy Univerzity Hradci Kralove. 1989;32(1):57-80.
Pressure tolerance of round and oval labyrinthine windows and a cochlear segment represented by a part of the cochlear duct were investigated in experiments on cadaveric human temporal bones. The cochlear segment is less resistant than both the windows. Inner ear spaces are protected from pressure changes in the surroundings of the temporal bone by a system of narrow and comparatively long connections and some of them include also other structures strengthening the protective function (the valve described near the place where the cochlear aqueduct leads to scala tympani). Experiments with guinea pigs showed significance of inner ear integrity in protection from pressure changes. Tolerance of both windows was significantly higher in live animals than in cadaveric guinea pig bullae. Pressure tolerance of the windows was in turn higher in bullae than in isolated inner ear labyrinth. Conclusions were arrived at on the basis of the above facts that the inner ear is considerably resistant to pressure changes around it under normal circumstances. Ruptures in its parts appear only under special conditions and a number of factors participate in them. Window ruptures accompany most frequently injuries in other inner ear structures to which different degrees of hearing loss correspond. An isolated injury of windows is, from this viewpoint, rare even though it can be found and treated surgically best.
在对人类尸体颞骨进行的实验中，研究了圆形和椭圆形迷路窗以及由蜗管一部分代表的蜗段的耐压性。蜗段的耐受性低于两个窗。内耳间隙通过狭窄且相对较长的连接系统免受颞骨周围压力变化的影响，其中一些连接还包括其他增强保护功能的结构（在蜗水管通向鼓阶处附近描述的瓣膜）。豚鼠实验表明内耳完整性在防止压力变化方面具有重要意义。在活体动物中，两个窗的耐受性明显高于尸体豚鼠的大泡。窗的耐压性在大泡中又高于孤立的内耳迷路。基于上述事实得出结论，在正常情况下，内耳对其周围的压力变化具有相当的抵抗力。其部分破裂仅在特殊条件下出现，并且有许多因素参与其中。窗破裂最常伴随其他内耳结构的损伤，这些损伤对应不同程度的听力损失。从这个角度来看，孤立的窗损伤很少见，尽管可以发现并通过手术进行最佳治疗。
