Karlsen S, Gjølberg T
Department of Surgery, Aker Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1989;23(3):201-5. doi: 10.3109/00365598909180842.
Fifty-four renal staghorn calculi, 26 complete and 28 partial, were treated in 51 patients by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCN) in combination with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) when necessary. At an average time of observation of 11.1 months, 56% of the renal units were stone free. Twenty-two per cent had residual gravel of less than 2 mm in diameter and 15% contained residuals between 2 and 5 mm in diameter. Seven per cent of the kidneys had significant residual calculi. Additional endourological procedures were required in 13 cases. Complications were minimal and were all conservatively treated. PCN in combination with ESWL is an effective treatment of most branched renal calculi. The methods may be used repeatedly without increasing technical difficulty. The results compare well with open surgery.
对51例患者的54枚鹿角形肾结石（26枚完全鹿角形结石和28枚部分鹿角形结石），必要时采用经皮肾镜取石术（PCN）联合体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）进行治疗。平均观察时间为11.1个月时，56%的肾单位无结石残留。22%有直径小于2mm的残余碎石，15%有直径在2至5mm之间的残余结石。7%的肾脏有明显的残余结石。13例患者需要额外的腔内泌尿外科手术。并发症极少，均采用保守治疗。PCN联合ESWL是治疗大多数分支状肾结石的有效方法。这些方法可重复使用，且不增加技术难度。结果与开放手术相比效果良好。
