Jasphin Shiny S R, Desai Dinkar, Pandit Siddharth, Gonsalves Nithin M, Nayak Preethi B, Iype Amal
National Post - Doctoral Fellow (SERB), Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Oral Pathology, A.J Institute of Dental Science, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India.
Contemp Clin Dent. 2016 Oct-Dec;7(4):524-528. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.194111.
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene located on chromosome 10q23. PTEN has its major function in the regulation of cell adhesion, cell cycle arrest, migration, apoptosis programming, and differentiation. This genomic region suffers loss of heterozygosity in many human cancers.
The aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of PTEN in normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to correlate the PTEN expression in gradings of OSCC.
Thirty cases of paraffin tissue sections of previously diagnosed OSCC were taken. Of thirty cases, ten were well differentiated, ten were moderately differentiated, and ten were poorly differentiated. As a control, ten paraffin sections of oral normal mucosa tissue specimens were taken from patients undergoing extractions. The sections were stained for immunohistochemical expression of PTEN. The cells stained by PTEN antibody were counted, and an immunohistochemical score was obtained.
Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney's test and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant difference between normal mucosa and OSCC in immunohistochemistry staining. However, there was no significant difference in PTEN expression among gradings of OSCC.
The study concluded that there was a decrease in PTEN expression in OSCC than normal mucosa. It also concluded that PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene which has a wide role in oral carcinogenesis.
磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物（PTEN）是位于10q23染色体上的一种肿瘤抑制基因。PTEN在细胞黏附、细胞周期停滞、迁移、凋亡编程和分化的调节中发挥主要作用。该基因组区域在许多人类癌症中存在杂合性缺失。
本研究的目的是比较PTEN在正常口腔黏膜和口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）中的免疫组化表达，并将PTEN表达与OSCC的分级相关联。
选取30例先前诊断为OSCC的石蜡组织切片。在这30例中，10例为高分化，10例为中分化，10例为低分化。作为对照，从拔牙患者中获取10例口腔正常黏膜组织标本的石蜡切片。对切片进行PTEN免疫组化表达染色。对PTEN抗体染色的细胞进行计数，获得免疫组化评分。
采用Mann-Whitney检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验进行统计分析。
统计分析显示，正常黏膜和OSCC在免疫组化染色方面存在显著差异。然而，OSCC不同分级之间的PTEN表达无显著差异。
该研究得出结论，OSCC中PTEN表达低于正常黏膜。还得出结论，PTEN是一种肿瘤抑制基因，在口腔癌发生中具有广泛作用。
