Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry AS CR, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, Prague 6, 162 06, Czech Republic.
Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 2094/1, Prague 2, 128 20, Czech Republic.
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2017 Jan;28(1):12. doi: 10.1007/s10856-016-5818-y. Epub 2016 Dec 19.
In order to create a soft tissue surplus, implantable volume expanders are often utilized in dental surgery. Implanted tissue expanders should gradually increase their volume, exerting a constant pressure on the surrounding tissue for weeks. Current tissue expanders are based predominantly on externally inflatable balloons or on osmotically active tissue expanders that use soft hydrogels wrapped in perforated plastic coatings, which limit fluid entry and swelling. We have designed and examined tissue expanders based on the controlled rate expansive hydrogels synthesized from copolymers of selected methacrylates and N-vinylpyrrolidone, cross-linked with a combination of non-degradable (glycol dimethacrylates) and hydrolytically degradable (N,O-dimethacryloylhydroxylamine) cross-linkers. These copolymers have close-to-linear volume expansion rates (up to 6-9 times their original volume) and exert an increasing swelling pressure in vitro. The anesthetic benzocaine has been incorporated into the hydrogels, and kinetic release experiments have shown that most of the drug (90%) was released within 48 h. Our proposed hydrogel expanders are homogeneous and have suitable mechanical properties, thus simplifying the surgical manipulations required. Further studies will be needed to completely evaluate their biocompatibility and tissue response to the implants.
为了创造软组织过剩，植入式体积扩张器通常用于牙科手术。植入的组织扩张器应逐渐增加其体积，对周围组织施加数周的恒定压力。目前的组织扩张器主要基于外部可充气气球或渗透压活性组织扩张器，它们使用软水凝胶包裹在穿孔塑料涂层中，限制了流体的进入和肿胀。我们设计并研究了基于从选定的甲基丙烯酸酯和 N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物合成的控制速率膨胀水凝胶的组织扩张器，这些共聚物与不可降解的（乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯）和可水解的（N,O-二甲基丙烯酰胺基羟胺）交联剂的组合交联。这些共聚物具有接近线性的体积膨胀率（高达原始体积的 6-9 倍），并在体外产生不断增加的肿胀压力。麻醉剂苯佐卡因已被掺入水凝胶中，动力学释放实验表明，大部分药物（90%）在 48 小时内释放。我们提出的水凝胶扩张器是均匀的，具有合适的机械性能，因此简化了所需的手术操作。还需要进一步的研究来完全评估它们的生物相容性和对植入物的组织反应。
