Division of Hematology/Oncology, Olive View UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Urologic Oncology Program and Translational Oncology Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
Drugs. 2017 Jan;77(1):17-28. doi: 10.1007/s40265-016-0665-1.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) historically has had limited treatment options in the metastatic setting but in the last decade, a significant arsenal of new therapies has emerged. Specifically, targeted anti-angiogenic therapies through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition and immunotherapy through PD-1 inhibition have become the foundation of metastatic RCC treatment increasing not only progression-free survival but also an improved overall survival with improved toxicity profiles compared with older therapies such as IL-2 and interferon. With the development of these newer medications, the optimal sequence and pairing of treatments is not yet well understood but important studies are ongoing as this information will allow for more effective and safe treatment of patients.
肾细胞癌（RCC）在转移性疾病的治疗中一直选择有限，但在过去十年中，大量新的治疗方法已经出现。具体来说，通过血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）抑制的靶向抗血管生成疗法和通过 PD-1 抑制的免疫疗法已经成为转移性 RCC 治疗的基础，不仅增加了无进展生存期，而且与白介素-2 和干扰素等较老的治疗方法相比，还改善了总体生存率，同时具有改善的毒性特征。随着这些新型药物的发展，最佳的治疗顺序和组合尚不完全清楚，但正在进行重要的研究，因为这些信息将使患者的治疗更加有效和安全。
