Fang Yang, Changyou Li, Leppäranta Matti, Xiaonghong Shi, Shengnan Zhao, Chengfu Zhang
Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 306 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot 010018, China E-mail:
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland.
Water Sci Technol. 2016 Dec;74(12):2773-2783. doi: 10.2166/wst.2016.433.
Nutrients may be eliminated from ice when liquid water is freezing, resulting in enhanced concentrations in the unfrozen water. The nutrients diluted from the ice may contribute to accumulated concentrations in sediment during winter and an increased risk of algae blooms during the following spring and summer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of ice cover on nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in the water and sediment of a shallow lake, through an examination of Ulansuhai Lake, northern China, from the period of open water to ice season in 2011-2013. The N and P concentrations were between two and five times higher, and between two and eight times higher, than in unfrozen lakes, respectively. As the ice thickness grew, contents of total N and total P showed C-shaped profiles in the ice, and were lower in the middle layer and higher in the bottom and surface layers. Most of the nutrients were released from the ice to liquid water. The results confirm that ice can cause the nutrient concentrations in water and sediment during winter to increase dramatically, thereby significantly impacting on processes in the water environment of shallow lakes.
当液态水结冰时，营养物质可能会从冰中析出，从而导致未结冰水中的营养物质浓度升高。从冰中稀释出来的营养物质可能会在冬季导致沉积物中营养物质的积累，并增加次年春季和夏季藻类大量繁殖的风险。本研究的目的是通过对中国北方乌梁素海2011 - 2013年从无冰期到结冰期的考察，评估冰盖对浅水湖泊水体和沉积物中氮（N）和磷（P）浓度的影响。氮和磷的浓度分别比无冰湖泊高出两到五倍和两到八倍。随着冰厚度的增加，冰中总氮和总磷含量呈C形分布，中层较低，底层和表层较高。大部分营养物质从冰中释放到液态水中。结果证实，冰会导致冬季水体和沉积物中的营养物质浓度大幅增加，从而对浅水湖泊的水环境过程产生显著影响。
