Meszaros Kimberly A, Vidt Meghan E, Dickerson Clark R
a Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Canada.
b Exercise Science and Health Promotion , Arizona State University , USA.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2018 Mar;24(1):100-110. doi: 10.1080/10803548.2016.1266805. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
Upper limb injuries are highly prevalent in the workplace and new tools are needed to proactively design workstations to reduce injury risk. The objective was to characterize spatial, load and direction dependency of muscle activity for hand exertions in the upper limb workspace. Electromyographic signals were collected from 14 upper limb muscles during exertions for all combinations of 4 submaximal hand forces (20/30/50/60 N) in 6 cardinal (up/down/left/right/forward/backward) directions at 5 hand locations. Linear muscle activity increases accompanied increased hand forces. Total muscle activity increases between 20 and 60 N hand forces ranged by direction from 92% (downward) to 189% (right). Prediction equations for all muscles depended on hand force, and linear, quadratic and interaction permutations of hand location. Muscle activity associated with manual tasks is load, direction and spatially dependent. Equations developed to describe these complex relationships can be used to better design future and evaluate current occupational activities.
上肢损伤在工作场所极为常见，因此需要新工具来主动设计工作站，以降低受伤风险。目的是描述上肢工作空间中手部用力时肌肉活动的空间、负荷和方向依赖性。在5个手部位置，针对6个基本方向（上/下/左/右/前/后）的4个次最大手部力量（20/30/50/60 N）的所有组合进行用力时，从14块上肢肌肉采集肌电信号。肌肉活动的线性增加伴随着手部力量的增加。手部力量在20至60 N之间时，总肌肉活动的增加幅度因方向而异，从92%（向下）到189%（向右）。所有肌肉的预测方程取决于手部力量以及手部位置的线性、二次和交互排列。与体力任务相关的肌肉活动取决于负荷、方向和空间。为描述这些复杂关系而开发的方程可用于更好地设计未来职业活动并评估当前职业活动。
