Kocur Piotr, Grzeskowiak Marcin, Wiernicka Marzena, Goliwas Magdalena, Lewandowski Jacek, Łochyński Dawid
Department of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland.
Department of Pulmonological and Rheumatological Rehabilitation, Poznan University of Physical Education, Poland.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2017 May-Jun;70:14-18. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.12.005. Epub 2016 Dec 15.
The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of aging on the viscoelastic properties of the upper trapezius (UT) and the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle during transition from lying to sitting position.
The study included 39 older (mean age 67±5.9years) and 36 younger (21.1±1.8years) women. Tone, stiffness and elasticity of the UT and the SCM were measured by means of myotonometry (MyotonPRO) in lying and then, in sitting position. The results were compared using two-way analysis of variance.
Irrespective of the position, older women presented with significantly higher muscle tone, stiffness and elasticity than younger subjects (P<0.05). In both groups, the transition from lying to sitting position resulted in a decrease (P<0.05) in the tone and stiffness, but not the elasticity (P>0.05) of the SCM, and stimulated an increase in the tone, stiffness and elasticity of the UT (P<0.05). The degree of changes in both study groups was similar, except from the absolute value of the UT elasticity, significantly higher increase in older women than in younger subjects (P<0.05).
Age contributes to an increase in the stiffness and tone of the UT and the SCM, as well as to a decrease in the elasticity of these muscles in female subjects. In contrast, age exerts only a slight effect on the mechanical properties of both muscles during transition from lying to sitting position.
本研究旨在分析衰老对女性从卧位转为坐位过程中上斜方肌（UT）和胸锁乳突肌（SCM）粘弹性特性的影响。
本研究纳入了39名老年女性（平均年龄67±5.9岁）和36名年轻女性（21.1±1.8岁）。通过肌动测量法（MyotonPRO）测量卧位及坐位时UT和SCM的肌张力、硬度和弹性。采用双向方差分析对结果进行比较。
无论处于何种体位，老年女性的肌张力、硬度和弹性均显著高于年轻受试者（P<0.05）。两组中，从卧位转为坐位均导致SCM的肌张力和硬度降低（P<0.05），但弹性未降低（P>0.05），同时刺激UT的肌张力、硬度和弹性增加（P<0.05）。除UT弹性的绝对值外，两组的变化程度相似，老年女性UT弹性的增加幅度显著高于年轻受试者（P<0.05）。
年龄导致女性受试者UT和SCM的硬度和肌张力增加，以及这些肌肉的弹性降低。相比之下，年龄在从卧位转为坐位的过程中对这两块肌肉的力学特性影响较小。
