White K D, Pearson J C, Flint L
School of Interpersonal Communication, Ohio University, Athens 45701.
Adolescence. 1989 Fall;24(95):595-621.
This investigation determined choice of compliance-resisting behaviors on the basis of compliance-gaining strategy, gender of parent, and gender of adolescent. One hundred and eighteen 9th- through 12th-grade students identified resistance strategies they would use when confronted with five compliance-gaining attempts: manipulation, nonnegotiation, emotional appeal, personal rejection, and empathic understanding. Each compliance-gaining attempt was associated with a specific parent and a specific compliance-gaining strategy. The results demonstrate significant differences in resistance strategy selected on the basis of parent's gender, adolescent's gender, and compliance-gaining strategy. When mothers employed personal rejection or empathic understanding, the adolescent was most likely to use nonnegotiation. When the mother used an emotional appeal, adolescents used identity management. Fathers who employed manipulation by using an emotional appeal were resisted with justification. When fathers used nonnegotiation or personal rejection, adolescents used nonnegotiation. The father's use of empathic understanding was countered with identity management. Adolescents are more likely to use identity management with their mothers and justification with their fathers. Female adolescents are more likely to use identity management than are male adolescents, while males are more likely to use nonnegotiation and negotiation than are females. Nonnegotiation occurs most often from son to mother, followed by son to father, daughter to father, and daughter to mother.
本研究根据获得依从性的策略、家长性别和青少年性别，确定了抗拒依从行为的选择。118名9至12年级的学生指出了在面对五种获得依从性的尝试时他们会采用的抗拒策略：操纵、不协商、情感诉求、个人拒绝和共情理解。每种获得依从性的尝试都与一位特定的家长和一种特定的获得依从性策略相关联。结果表明，根据家长性别、青少年性别和获得依从性的策略所选择的抗拒策略存在显著差异。当母亲采用个人拒绝或共情理解时，青少年最有可能使用不协商策略。当母亲采用情感诉求时，青少年会采用身份管理策略。采用情感诉求进行操纵的父亲会遭到有理有据的抗拒。当父亲采用不协商或个人拒绝时，青少年会采用不协商策略。父亲使用共情理解会遭到身份管理策略的应对。青少年与母亲相处时更有可能采用身份管理策略，与父亲相处时更有可能采用有理有据的抗拒策略。与男性青少年相比，女性青少年更有可能采用身份管理策略，而男性比女性更有可能采用不协商和协商策略。不协商策略最常出现于儿子对母亲的情况，其次是儿子对父亲、女儿对父亲以及女儿对母亲的情况。
