Ohtani Misato, Akiyoshi Nobuhiro, Takenaka Yuto, Sano Ryosuke, Demura Taku
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045 Japan.
J Exp Bot. 2017 Jan;68(1):17-26. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw473.
One crucial problem that plants faced during their evolution, particularly during the transition to growth on land, was how to transport water, nutrients, metabolites, and small signaling molecules within a large, multicellular body. As a solution to this problem, land plants developed specific tissues for conducting molecules, called water-conducting cells (WCCs) and food-conducting cells (FCCs). The well-developed WCCs and FCCs in extant plants are the tracheary elements and sieve elements, respectively, which are found in vascular plants. Recent molecular genetic studies revealed that transcriptional networks regulate the differentiation of tracheary and sieve elements, and that the networks governing WCC differentiation are largely conserved among land plant species. In this review, we discuss the molecular evolution of plant conducting cells. By focusing on the evolution of the key transcription factors that regulate vascular cell differentiation, the NAC transcription factor VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN for WCCs and the MYB-coiled-coil (CC)-type transcription factor ALTERED PHLOEM DEVELOPMENT for sieve elements, we describe how land plants evolved molecular systems to produce the specialized cells that function as WCCs and FCCs.
植物在进化过程中，尤其是在向陆地生长过渡期间面临的一个关键问题是，如何在一个大型多细胞体内运输水分、养分、代谢物和小型信号分子。作为解决这一问题的方法，陆地植物发育出了用于传导分子的特定组织，即导水细胞（WCCs）和输导养分细胞（FCCs）。现存植物中发育良好的WCCs和FCCs分别是维管植物中的管状分子和筛管分子。最近的分子遗传学研究表明，转录网络调控着管状分子和筛管分子的分化，并且控制WCC分化的网络在陆地植物物种中基本是保守的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了植物传导细胞的分子进化。通过聚焦调控维管细胞分化的关键转录因子的进化，即WCCs的NAC转录因子VASCULAR-RELATED NAC-DOMAIN和筛管分子的MYB-卷曲螺旋（CC）型转录因子ALTERED PHLOEM DEVELOPMENT，我们描述了陆地植物如何进化出分子系统来产生作为WCCs和FCCs发挥功能的特化细胞。
