Karatas Aysegul, Algan Aslıhan Hilal
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2017;17(13):1555-1563. doi: 10.2174/1568026616666161222110859.
The template synthesis is a low cost, simple and versatile nanofabrication method to produce cylindrical/tubular nanostructures with controllable dimensions such as length, diameter and aspect ratio. This method utilizes nanoporous membranes such as anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) or polycarbonate (PC) as templates which have nanosized specific, cylindrical and uniform inner pores to be coated with the desired material. Template synthesized nanotubular structures have been produced from variety of materials including ceramics, polymers and proteins for loading biologically active molecules. Available procedures of material deposition into the template nanopores consist of several techniques like wetting (melt or solution wetting), layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly and sol-gel chemistry. Template synthesis enables not only control of the geometry of the resulting nanostructures but also provides nanovehicles having separated inner and outer surfaces which can be variously functionalized. Tubular nanostructures fabricated by this method have numerous potential applications including delivery of biologically active molecules such as drugs, gene, enzymes and proteins. In this review we aimed to present up-to-date works on the template based synthesis which has greatly facilitated the fabrication of polymer and protein tubular nanostructures, principally. The strategies regarding the synthesis and designing of these promising tubular nanostructures together with recent approaches relevant of drug delivery was also presented.
模板合成是一种低成本、简单且通用的纳米制造方法，用于生产具有可控尺寸（如长度、直径和纵横比）的圆柱形/管状纳米结构。该方法利用纳米多孔膜，如阳极氧化铝（AAO）或聚碳酸酯（PC）作为模板，这些模板具有纳米尺寸的特定、圆柱形且均匀的内孔，可用于涂覆所需材料。通过模板合成的纳米管结构已由多种材料制成，包括陶瓷、聚合物和蛋白质，用于负载生物活性分子。将材料沉积到模板纳米孔中的现有方法包括几种技术，如浸润（熔体或溶液浸润）、层层（LbL）组装和溶胶-凝胶化学。模板合成不仅能够控制所得纳米结构的几何形状，还能提供具有可分别功能化的内外表面的纳米载体。通过这种方法制造的管状纳米结构具有许多潜在应用，包括递送生物活性分子，如药物、基因、酶和蛋白质。在本综述中，我们旨在介绍基于模板合成的最新研究成果，该方法极大地促进了聚合物和蛋白质管状纳米结构的制造，主要是这方面的成果。还介绍了有关这些有前景的管状纳米结构的合成和设计策略以及与药物递送相关的最新方法。
