Watson Elizabeth E, Kochore Hassan H, Dabasso Bulle Hallo
Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 3EN UK.
Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology, Advokatenweg 36, 06114 Halle (Saale), Germany.
Hum Ecol Interdiscip J. 2016;44(6):701-713. doi: 10.1007/s10745-016-9858-1. Epub 2016 Nov 12.
In the drylands of Africa, pastoralists have been facing new challenges, including those related to environmental shocks and stresses. In northern Kenya, under conditions of reduced rainfall and more frequent droughts, one response has been for pastoralists to focus increasingly on camel herding. Camels have started to be kept at higher altitudes and by people who rarely kept camels before. The development has been understood as a climate change adaptation strategy and as a means to improve climate resilience. Since 2003, development organizations have started to further the trend by distributing camels in the region. Up to now, little has been known about the nature of, reasons for, or ramifications of the increased reliance on camels. The paper addresses these questions and concludes that camels improve resilience in this dryland region, but only under certain climate change scenarios, and only for some groups.
在非洲的干旱地区，牧民们一直面临着新的挑战，包括与环境冲击和压力相关的挑战。在肯尼亚北部，在降雨减少和干旱更加频繁的情况下，牧民们的一个应对措施是越来越多地专注于骆驼养殖。骆驼开始被饲养在更高的海拔地区，而且以前很少养骆驼的人也开始养骆驼了。这一发展被视为一种气候变化适应策略，也是提高气候适应力的一种手段。自2003年以来，发展组织已开始通过在该地区分发骆驼来推动这一趋势。到目前为止，人们对增加骆驼养殖的性质、原因或影响知之甚少。本文探讨了这些问题，并得出结论：骆驼确实能提高这个干旱地区的适应力，但前提是在特定的气候变化情景下，而且只是对某些群体而言。
