Jang Eric B, Carvalho Lori A F N, Chen Chung-Chien, Siderhurst Matthew S
USDA-ARS, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA.
Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
J Econ Entomol. 2017 Feb 1;110(1):201-207. doi: 10.1093/jee/tow268.
The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is a serious pest of tropical horticulture, causing damage to cucurbits, tree fruits, and fruiting vegetables. Melon flies are especially attractive to freshly sliced cucumber, and this has led to the identification of a nine-compound kairomone lure that can be used to trap both female and male flies. In this study, a seven-compound lure, containing (Z)-6-nonenal, (Z)-6-nonen-1-ol, 1-octen-3-ol, (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, hexanal, and 1-hexanol, was formulated into PVC plugs (100 or 300 mg/plug) for field testing in wet traps. In Hawaii, 100 mg of the seven-compound cucumber lure, loaded in either plugs or glass capillaries, attracted more flies than traps containing Solulys protein over a 9-wk period. However, both cucumber lure formulations showed marked declines in the number of flies trapped after 3 wk. Similar results were obtained during a 6-wk field trial using 100 mg cucumber lure plugs in Taiwan. Increasing the cucumber lure loading rate to 300 mg/lure increased the effective trapping life of the attractant during a second 9-wk field trial conducted in Hawaii. The synthetic cucumber lure showed female-biased sex ratios in trap captures in the Taiwanese and second Hawaiian field trials. Protein lures captures were female-biased in all three field trials. Wet traps in Hawaii containing the cucumber lure were found to capture 25-30 nontarget insects/trap/week, less than half that captured with Solulys. Captured nontarget insects represented 37 families in 10 orders. The most common families caught were Ceratopogonidae (∼9 flies/trap) and Gryllidae (∼7 crickets/trap).
瓜实蝇（Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett)）是热带园艺业的一种严重害虫，会对葫芦科植物、核果类果树和结果蔬菜造成损害。瓜实蝇对新鲜切片黄瓜特别有吸引力，这促使人们鉴定出一种由九种化合物组成的利它素诱捕剂，可用于诱捕雌雄成虫。在本研究中，一种由七种化合物组成的诱捕剂，包含（Z）-6-壬烯醛、（Z）-6-壬烯-1-醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、（E,Z）-2,6-壬二烯醛、（E）-2-壬烯醛、己醛和1-己醇，被制成PVC诱芯（100或300毫克/诱芯）用于湿式诱捕器的田间试验。在夏威夷，在9周的时间里，装入诱芯或玻璃毛细管中的100毫克七种化合物的黄瓜诱捕剂比含有Solulys蛋白的诱捕器吸引了更多的苍蝇。然而，两种黄瓜诱捕剂配方在3周后诱捕到的苍蝇数量都显著下降。在台湾进行的为期6周的田间试验中，使用100毫克黄瓜诱芯也得到了类似的结果。在夏威夷进行的第二次为期9周的田间试验中，将黄瓜诱捕剂的装载量增加到300毫克/诱捕剂，延长了引诱剂的有效诱捕期。在台湾和第二次夏威夷田间试验中，合成黄瓜诱捕剂诱捕到的成虫中雌性比例偏高。在所有三次田间试验中，蛋白诱捕剂诱捕到的成虫中雌性比例都偏高。在夏威夷，装有黄瓜诱捕剂的湿式诱捕器每周每个诱捕器捕获25 - 30只非目标昆虫，不到使用Solulys诱捕器捕获数量的一半。捕获的非目标昆虫代表10个目37个科。捕获最多的科是蠓科（约9只苍蝇/诱捕器）和蟋蟀科（约7只蟋蟀/诱捕器）。
