Scott Zachary, Ginsberg Howard S, Alm Steven R
Department of Plant Sciences and Entomology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 (
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Coastal Field Station, Woodward Hall, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881 (
Environ Entomol. 2016 Dec;45(6):1432-1438. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvw094. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
We identified 41 species of native bees from a total of 1,083 specimens collected at cultivated highbush blueberry plantings throughout Rhode Island in 2014 and 2015. Andrena spp., Bombus spp., and Xylocopa virginica (L.) were collected most often. Bombus griseocollis (DeGeer), B. impatiens Cresson, B. bimaculatus Cresson, B. perplexus Cresson, and Andrena vicina Smith collected the largest mean numbers of blueberry pollen tetrads. The largest mean percent blueberry pollen loads were carried by the miner bees Andrena bradleyi Viereck (91%), A. carolina Viereck (90%), and Colletes validus Cresson (87%). The largest mean total pollen grain loads were carried by B. griseocollis (549,844), B. impatiens (389,558), X. virginica (233,500), and B. bimaculatus (193,132). Xylocopa virginica was the fourth and fifth most commonly collected bee species in 2014 and 2015, respectively. They exhibit nectar robbing and females carried relatively low blueberry pollen loads (mean 33%). Overall, we found 10 species of bees to be the primary pollinators of blueberries in Rhode Island.
2014年和2015年，我们在罗德岛州各地种植的高丛蓝莓植株上共采集了1083个标本，从中鉴定出41种本地蜜蜂。最常采集到的是地蜂属、熊蜂属和弗吉尼亚木蜂（Xylocopa virginica (L.)）。灰熊蜂（Bombus griseocollis (DeGeer)）、苜蓿切叶蜂（B. impatiens Cresson）、双斑熊蜂（B. bimaculatus Cresson）、困惑熊蜂（B. perplexus Cresson）和邻接地蜂（Andrena vicina Smith）采集到的蓝莓花粉四分体平均数量最多。蓝莓花粉负载平均百分比最高的是矿蜂，分别为布拉德利地蜂（Andrena bradleyi Viereck，91%）、卡罗莱纳地蜂（A. carolina Viereck，90%）和强壮集蜂（Colletes validus Cresson，87%）。花粉粒总负载平均数量最多的是灰熊蜂（549,844个）、苜蓿切叶蜂（389,558个）、弗吉尼亚木蜂（233,500个）和双斑熊蜂（193,132个）。弗吉尼亚木蜂分别是2014年和2015年第四和第五常见的采集到的蜜蜂种类。它们表现出盗蜜行为，且雌蜂携带的蓝莓花粉负载相对较低（平均33%）。总体而言，我们发现有10种蜜蜂是罗德岛州蓝莓最重要的传粉者。
