[Hyperkalemia - current therapuetic strategies].

Hyperkalemia is a medical emergency that requires immediate therapy, followed by interventions aimed at preventing its recurrence. Hyperkalemia occurs especially frequently in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), in part because of impaired kidney function and in part due to coexisting comorbidities such as diabetes or heart failure and the medications used to treat them, first of all the inhibitors of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAASi). Both acute and chronic management of hyperkalemia are equally important, though, with currently available therapeutic possibilities, the effective restoration of potassium homeostasis are in fact limited to the correction of its triggers. The emergence of new medications (patiromer and ZS-9) could lead to a therapeutic paradigm shift from intermittent treatment of incidentally discovered hyperkalemia toward preventive measures preventing fluctuations in serum potassium levels and enabling the continuation of beneficial, but hyperkalemia inducing agents.