College of Material Science and Technology, University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210016, People's Republic of China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Maryland College Park , College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017 Jan 11;9(1):391-397. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b12542. Epub 2016 Dec 30.
Hard carbon is currently considered the most promising anode candidate for room temperature sodium ion batteries because of its relatively high capacity, low cost, and good scalability. In this work, switchgrass as a biomass example was carbonized under an ultrahigh temperature, 2050 °C, induced by Joule heating to create hard carbon anodes for sodium ion batteries. Switchgrass derived carbon materials intrinsically inherit its three-dimensional porous hierarchical architecture, with an average interlayer spacing of 0.376 nm. The larger interlayer spacing than that of graphite allows for the significant Na ion storage performance. Compared to the sample carbonized under 1000 °C, switchgrass derived carbon at 2050 °C induced an improved initial Coulombic efficiency. Additionally, excellent rate capability and superior cycling performance are demonstrated for the switchgrass derived carbon due to the unique high temperature treatment.
硬碳目前被认为是最有前途的室温钠离子电池的阳极候选材料，因为它具有较高的容量、较低的成本和良好的可扩展性。在这项工作中，以柳枝稷为例的生物质在焦耳加热的作用下，碳化温度高达 2050°C，以创造用于钠离子电池的硬碳阳极。由柳枝稷衍生的碳材料内在地继承了其三维多孔分层结构，层间间距平均为 0.376nm。与在 1000°C 碳化的样品相比，2050°C 碳化的柳枝稷衍生碳具有显著提高的初始库仑效率。此外，由于独特的高温处理，柳枝稷衍生碳还表现出优异的倍率性能和卓越的循环性能。
