Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 96 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08504, United States.
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 96 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08504, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Feb 15;580:1205-1213. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.12.079. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) production produces large quantities of wastewater with complex geochemistry and largely uncharacterized impacts on surface waters. In this study, we assessed shifts in microbial community structure and function in sediments and waters upstream and downstream from a UOG wastewater disposal facility. To do this, quantitative PCR for 16S rRNA and antibiotic resistance genes along with metagenomic sequencing were performed. Elevated conductivity and markers of UOG wastewater characterized sites sampled downstream from the disposal facility compared to background sites. Shifts in overall high level functions and microbial community structure were observed between background sites and downstream sediments. Increases in Deltaproteobacteria and Methanomicrobia and decreases in Thaumarchaeota were observed at downstream sites. Genes related to dormancy and sporulation and methanogenic respiration were 18-86 times higher at downstream, impacted sites. The potential for these sediments to serve as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance was investigated given frequent reports of the use of biocides to control the growth of nuisance bacteria in UOG operations. A shift in resistance profiles downstream of the UOG facility was observed including increases in acrB and mexB genes encoding for multidrug efflux pumps, but not overall abundance of resistance genes. The observed shifts in microbial community structure and potential function indicate changes in respiration, nutrient cycling, and markers of stress in a stream impacted by UOG waste disposal operations.
非常规油气（UOG）生产会产生大量具有复杂地球化学性质且对地表水质影响很大的废水。在这项研究中，我们评估了 UOG 废水处理设施上下游沉积物和水体中微生物群落结构和功能的变化。为此，我们进行了 16S rRNA 和抗生素抗性基因的定量 PCR 以及宏基因组测序。与背景点相比，从处理设施下游采集的样本中，电导率和 UOG 废水标志物的特征表明了这一点。与背景点相比，下游沉积物中观察到整体高水平功能和微生物群落结构的变化。在下游点观察到 Delta 变形菌门和甲烷微菌门的增加和 Thaumarchaeota 的减少。与休眠和孢子形成以及甲烷呼吸有关的基因在下游、受影响的地点高出 18-86 倍。鉴于频繁有报告称在 UOG 作业中使用杀生剂来控制有害细菌的生长，因此研究了这些沉积物作为抗微生物抗性储库的潜力。在 UOG 设施下游观察到耐药谱的变化，包括编码多药外排泵的 acrB 和 mexB 基因的增加，但耐药基因的总体丰度没有增加。观察到的微生物群落结构和潜在功能的变化表明，在受 UOG 废物处理作业影响的溪流中，呼吸、养分循环和应激标志物发生了变化。
