Escobedo-Chávez E, Hernández-Guevara R, Villegas-Silva R, Ortega-Guzmán S
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1989 Aug;46(8):559-63.
We analyzed 56 cases of children with diagnosis of poisoning, which were attendant at the pediatric emergency room at "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez" General Hospital, during a period between October 1st 1987 and September 31st, 1988. A greater incidence among infants below 5 years of age was observed, 16.07% of these were newborn infants. Male infants were the most affected. The most frequent causes were iatrogenic and accidental incidents. Only 4 cases of suicide attempt was reported. Medically prescribed drugs were the most frequent cause of poisoning. Of these, anticholinergic agents were the number one cause. Among other types of agents, a relatively high incidence of mushroom poisoning was observed. General death rate was 10.71%. Through a survey answered by 400 physicians, we studied their knowledge of basic concepts of toxicology, commercial names, doses and side effects of certain drugs; 24% of these were pediatricians, and the rest were general physicians. This survey reveals adequate knowledge of commercial names of drugs, but poor knowledge of basic toxicology, doses and side effects of these drugs.
我们分析了56例诊断为中毒的儿童病例，这些病例来自1987年10月1日至1988年9月31日期间在“曼努埃尔·赫亚·冈萨雷斯博士”综合医院儿科急诊室就诊的患儿。观察到5岁以下婴幼儿的发病率更高，其中16.07%为新生儿。男婴受影响最为严重。最常见的原因是医源性和意外事件。仅报告了4例自杀未遂病例。药物中毒最常见的原因是医嘱用药。其中，抗胆碱能药物是首要原因。在其他类型的药物中，观察到蘑菇中毒的发病率相对较高。总死亡率为10.71%。通过对400名医生进行的一项调查，我们研究了他们对毒理学基本概念、某些药物的商品名、剂量和副作用的了解情况；其中24%为儿科医生，其余为普通医生。这项调查显示，医生们对药物商品名的了解足够，但对这些药物的基本毒理学、剂量和副作用的了解较差。
