Carson Richard G, Ruddy Kathy L, McNickle Emmet
Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience and School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2016;957:143-157. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-47313-0_8.
Thirty years ago, the first magnetic device capable of stimulating the human brain without discomfort through the intact skull was unveiled in Sheffield, England (Barker et al. in Lancet 1:1106-1107, 1985). Since that time, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become the tool of choice for many scientists investigating human motor control and learning. In light of the fact that there are limits to the information that can be provided by any experimental technique, we first make the case that the necessarily restricted explanatory scope of the TMS technique-and the motor-evoked potentials to which it gives rise, is not yet reflected adequately in the research literature. We also argue that this inattention, coupled with the pervasive adoption of TMS as an investigative tool, may be restricting the elaboration of knowledge concerning the neural processes that mediate human motor learning. In order to make these points, we use as an exemplar the study of cross-education-the interlimb transfer of functional capacity.
30年前，在英国谢菲尔德，首个能够透过完整头骨刺激人脑且不会让人感到不适的磁性装置问世（巴克等人，《柳叶刀》1:1106 - 1107，1985年）。从那时起，经颅磁刺激（TMS）已成为许多研究人类运动控制与学习的科学家的首选工具。鉴于任何实验技术所能提供的信息都存在局限性，我们首先指出，TMS技术及其所引发的运动诱发电位必然受限的解释范围，在研究文献中尚未得到充分体现。我们还认为，这种忽视，再加上TMS作为一种研究工具的广泛采用，可能正在限制有关介导人类运动学习的神经过程的知识细化。为了阐明这些观点，我们以交叉训练——功能能力的肢体间转移研究为例。
