Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Rd 18, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Rd 19A, Beijing, 100049, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Rd 18, Beijing 100085, China.
Chemosphere. 2017 Mar;171:554-563. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.12.096. Epub 2016 Dec 22.
Triadimefon (TF) is a widely used chiral fungicide with one chiral centre and two enantiomers (TF and TF). However, little is reported about the ecological toxicity of reptiles on an enantioselective level. TF is a potential endocrine disruptor that may interfere with sex steroid hormones, such as testosterone (T) and 17beta-estradiol (E). In our study, the lizards Mongolia Racerunner (Eremias argus) were orally exposed to TF and its enantiomers for 21 days. Plasma sex steroid hormones and steroidogenic-related genes, including 17-beta-hydroxysteroid (hsd17β), cytochrome P450 enzymes (cyp19 and cyp17), and steroid hormone receptors (erα and Ar) were evaluated. After exposure, the plasma testosterone level in the 100 mg/kg group was elevated, while the oestradiol level was reduced. This phenomenon may be caused by the transformation of cyp19, which may inhibit the conversion of testosterone to oestradiol and affect sexual behaviour. In addition, the two enantiomers have different effects on hormone levels, which testified to the previously reported biotoxic dissimilarity between TF and TF in organisms. Furthermore, the cyp19 mRNA level in liver and gonad of the TF and TF group (100 mg/kg) were significantly down-regulated, while the cyp17 and hsd17β mRNA levels were up-regulated. The expression of erα and Ar mRNA levels were up-regulated in males but not in females, which may indicate that TF has sex differences on these two genes. As seen from the above results, TF and its enantiomers may have endocrine-disrupting effects on lizards (E. argus) by acting sensitively on sex steroid hormones and steroidogenic-related genes.
三唑酮（TF）是一种广泛使用的手性杀菌剂，具有一个手性中心和两个对映异构体（TF 和 TF）。然而，关于手性对爬行动物生态毒性的报道很少。TF 是一种潜在的内分泌干扰物，可能会干扰睾酮（T）和 17β-雌二醇（E）等性激素。在我们的研究中，蒙古草蜥（Eremias argus）经口暴露于 TF 和其对映异构体 21 天。评估了血浆性激素和类固醇生成相关基因，包括 17-β-羟类固醇（hsd17β）、细胞色素 P450 酶（cyp19 和 cyp17）和类固醇激素受体（erα 和 Ar）。暴露后，100mg/kg 组的血浆睾酮水平升高，而雌二醇水平降低。这种现象可能是由于 cyp19 的转化引起的，它可能抑制睾酮向雌二醇的转化，从而影响性行为。此外，两种对映异构体对激素水平有不同的影响，这证明了 TF 和 TF 在生物体中的生物毒性差异。此外，TF 和 TF 组（100mg/kg）肝和性腺中 cyp19 mRNA 水平显著下调，而 cyp17 和 hsd17β mRNA 水平上调。雄性中 erα 和 Ar mRNA 水平上调，但雌性中未上调，这可能表明 TF 对这两个基因具有性别差异。从上述结果可以看出，TF 和其对映异构体可能通过敏感作用于性激素和类固醇生成相关基因对蜥蜴（E. argus）产生内分泌干扰作用。
