Villalobos María Del Carmen, Serradilla Manuel Joaquín, Martín Alberto, Hernández-León Alejandro, Ruíz-Moyano Santiago, Córdoba María de Guía
Nutrición y Bromatología, Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Recursos Agrarios (INURA), Avda. de la Investigación s/n, Campus Universitario, 06006 Badajoz, Spain.
Instituto Tecnológico Agroalimentario de Extremadura (INTAEX-CICYTEX), Área de Vegetales, Junta de Extremadura, Avda, Adolfo Suárez s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
Food Microbiol. 2017 May;63:35-46. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.10.035. Epub 2016 Oct 27.
The purpose of this work was to study the changes of bacterial and fungal population of breba fruits such as 'Banane' and 'San Antonio' as well as 'Cuello Dama Negro', 'Cuello Dama Blanco' and 'San Antonio' fig cultivars stored in passive modified atmospheres (MAP) by the use of three different microperforated films (M10 with 16 holes; M30 with five holes and M50 with three holes). Moreover the effects of the application of aqueous soy polyphenolic antimicrobial extract (APE), alone or combined with MAP, were also studied for 'Cuello Dama Negro' and 'Cuello Dama Blanco' fig cultivars. Bacteria and fungi isolates were identified by PCR-RFLP of 16S rRNA and ITS regions, respectively, and subsequently sequence of the different patterns obtained. The results indicated that Pseudomonas gessardii, Pantoea agglomerans and Enterobacter asburiae were the main species of bacteria found in all the treatments studied. The fungal species identified were Aureobasidium pulullans, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria alternata, which were found in a lower percentage in fruit stored in MAP and fruits treated with antimicrobial extracts, as this treatments allowed to reduce the microbial growth of moulds and yeasts. Thus, the application of treatments such as M30, M50 or the combination of MAP with antimicrobial extract was highly effective to control fruit spoilage in fig and breba crops.
这项工作的目的是研究‘巴纳内’和‘圣安东尼奥’等早熟无花果果实，以及‘黑颈夫人’‘白颈夫人’和‘圣安东尼奥’无花果品种，在使用三种不同微孔薄膜（16个孔的M10、5个孔的M30和3个孔的M50）的被动气调包装（MAP）中储存时细菌和真菌种群的变化。此外，还研究了水性大豆多酚抗菌提取物（APE）单独或与MAP联合应用对‘黑颈夫人’和‘白颈夫人’无花果品种的影响。分别通过16S rRNA和ITS区域的PCR-RFLP鉴定细菌和真菌分离株，随后对获得的不同模式进行测序。结果表明，杰氏假单胞菌、成团泛菌和阿氏肠杆菌是所有研究处理中发现的主要细菌种类。鉴定出的真菌种类有出芽短梗霉、枝孢霉和链格孢，在气调包装储存的果实和用抗菌提取物处理的果实中所占比例较低，因为这种处理方式能够减少霉菌和酵母菌的微生物生长。因此，应用M30、M50处理或气调包装与抗菌提取物的组合对控制无花果和早熟无花果作物的果实腐烂非常有效。
