Zhou Yanying, Jing Weixin, Dahms Hans-Uwe, Hwang Jiang-Shiou, Wang Lan
College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No. 70, Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2017 Apr;138:130-138. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.12.030. Epub 2016 Dec 29.
Toxicity of Cd was tested with the hemocytes of the freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, which were exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.725, 1.450, and 2.900mgL Cd for 7, 14 and 21 d. We investigated the effects of Cd on the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative damage of biomarkers, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl derivates (PCO), and DNA-protein crosslink (DPC). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was applied to assess ultrastructural changes of hemocytes. The mRNA expression levels of prophenoloxidase (proPO), lysozyme (LSZ), metallothionein (MT), and the activity of phenoloxidase (PO) were also determined. Our results showed that TAC was inhibited by Cd, resulting in an increase of MDA contents, PCO contents, and DPC levels in hemocytes, respectively. Ultrastructural observations revealed that chromatin condensation, nucleus deformation, mitochondrial dilation, rough endoplasmatic reticulum (rER) degranulation and secondary or tertiary lysosomes were observed in hemocytes of crabs exposed to Cd. Meanwhile, the expression levels of proPO were down-regulated, while the activity of PO was up-regulated in hemocytes. The expression levels of LSZ and MT were up-regulated to some extent. Our findings suggest these parameters could be used as biomarkers in the monitoring of heavy metal pollution and quantitative risk assessments of pollutant exposure.
以河南华溪蟹血细胞为材料，检测镉（Cd）的毒性。将血细胞暴露于浓度为0、0.725、1.450和2.900mg/L的Cd中7、14和21天。我们研究了Cd对总抗氧化能力（TAC）以及生物标志物氧化损伤的影响，这些生物标志物包括丙二醛（MDA）、蛋白质羰基衍生物（PCO）和DNA-蛋白质交联物（DPC）。应用透射电子显微镜（TEM）评估血细胞的超微结构变化。还测定了前酚氧化酶（proPO）、溶菌酶（LSZ）、金属硫蛋白（MT）的mRNA表达水平以及酚氧化酶（PO）的活性。我们的结果表明，Cd抑制了TAC，导致血细胞中MDA含量、PCO含量和DPC水平分别升高。超微结构观察显示，暴露于Cd的蟹血细胞中出现染色质凝聚、细胞核变形、线粒体扩张、粗面内质网（rER）脱颗粒以及次级或三级溶酶体。同时，血细胞中proPO的表达水平下调，而PO的活性上调。LSZ和MT的表达水平在一定程度上上调。我们的研究结果表明，这些参数可作为监测重金属污染和污染物暴露定量风险评估的生物标志物。
