a Experimental Medicine, Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology , Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
b Exercise Physiology Laboratory, State University of Goiás, Goiás , Goiás , Brazil.
Clin Exp Hypertens. 2017;39(1):17-22. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2016.1226891. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Water aerobics exercise is widely recommended for elderly people. However, little is known about the acute effects on hemodynamic variables. Thus, we assessed the effects of a water aerobic session on blood pressure in hypertensive elderly women. Fifty hypertensive elderly women aged 67.8 ± 4.1 years, 1.5 ± 0.6 m high and BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m, participated in a crossover clinical trial. The experiment consisted of a 45-minute water aerobics session (70%-75% HRmax adjusted for the aquatic environment) (ES) and a control session (no exercise for 45 minutes) (CS). Heart rate was monitored using a heart rate monitor and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) measurements were taken using a semi-automatic monitor before and immediately after the sessions, and at 10, 20 and 30 minutes thereafter. It was using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) with Bonferroni's post-hoc test (p < 0.05). At the end of the experimental session, ES showed a rise in SBP of 17.4 mmHg (14.3%, p < 0.001) and DBP of 5.4 mmHg (7.8%, p < 0.001) compared to CS. At 10 minutes after exercise, BP declined in ES by a greater magnitude than in CS (SBP 7.5 mmHg, 6.2%, p = 0.005 and DBP 3.8 mmHg, 5.5%, p = 0.013). At 20 minutes after exercise and thereafter, SBP and DBP were similar in both ES and CS. In conclusion, BP returned to control levels within 10-20 minutes remaining unchanged until 30 minutes after exercise, and post-exercise hypotension was not observed. Besides, BP changed after exercise was a safe rise of small magnitude for hypertensive people.
水中有氧运动广泛推荐给老年人。然而，对于其对血流动力学变量的急性影响知之甚少。因此，我们评估了一次水中有氧运动对高血压老年女性血压的影响。
50 名高血压老年女性，年龄 67.8 ± 4.1 岁，身高 1.5 ± 0.6 m，BMI 28.6 ± 3.9 kg/m²，参加了一项交叉临床试验。实验包括 45 分钟的水中有氧运动（根据水环境调整的 70%-75% HRmax）（ES）和对照（45 分钟不运动）（CS）。使用心率监测器监测心率，使用半自动监测器在运动前后即刻、运动后 10、20 和 30 分钟测量收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。使用广义估计方程（GEE）和 Bonferroni 事后检验（p < 0.05）。
在实验结束时，ES 组的 SBP 升高 17.4 mmHg（14.3%，p < 0.001），DBP 升高 5.4 mmHg（7.8%，p < 0.001），与 CS 组相比。运动后 10 分钟，ES 组的 BP 下降幅度大于 CS 组（SBP 下降 7.5 mmHg，6.2%，p = 0.005，DBP 下降 3.8 mmHg，5.5%，p = 0.013）。运动后 20 分钟和之后，ES 和 CS 组的 SBP 和 DBP 相似。
总之，BP 在 10-20 分钟内恢复到对照水平，并且在运动后 30 分钟内保持不变，没有观察到运动后低血压。此外，运动后血压变化是高血压患者安全的小幅度升高。
