Romero Ana Carla Leite, Alfaya Lívia Marangoni, Gonçales Alina Sanches, Frizzo Ana Claudia Figueiredo, Isaac Myriam de Lima
Department of Phonoaudiology, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jan;21(1):86-91. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1580614. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
The auditory system of HIV-positive children may have deficits at various levels, such as the high incidence of problems in the middle ear that can cause hearing loss. The objective of this study is to characterize the development of children infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the Simplified Auditory Processing Test (SAPT) and the Staggered Spondaic Word Test. We performed behavioral tests composed of the Simplified Auditory Processing Test and the Portuguese version of the Staggered Spondaic Word Test (SSW). The participants were 15 children infected by HIV, all using antiretroviral medication. The children had abnormal auditory processing verified by Simplified Auditory Processing Test and the Portuguese version of SSW. In the Simplified Auditory Processing Test, 60% of the children presented hearing impairment. In the SAPT, the memory test for verbal sounds showed more errors (53.33%); whereas in SSW, 86.67% of the children showed deficiencies indicating deficit in figure-ground, attention, and memory auditory skills. Furthermore, there are more errors in conditions of background noise in both age groups, where most errors were in the left ear in the Group of 8-year-olds, with similar results for the group aged 9 years. The high incidence of hearing loss in children with HIV and comorbidity with several biological and environmental factors indicate the need for: 1) familiar and professional awareness of the impact on auditory alteration on the developing and learning of the children with HIV, and 2) access to educational plans and follow-up with multidisciplinary teams as early as possible to minimize the damage caused by auditory deficits.
感染艾滋病毒儿童的听觉系统可能在各个层面存在缺陷，比如中耳问题发生率高，可导致听力丧失。本研究的目的是在简易听觉处理测试（SAPT）和交错扬扬格词测试中，对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）儿童的发育情况进行特征描述。我们进行了由简易听觉处理测试和葡萄牙语版交错扬扬格词测试（SSW）组成的行为测试。参与者为15名感染艾滋病毒的儿童，均在使用抗逆转录病毒药物。这些儿童通过简易听觉处理测试和葡萄牙语版SSW验证存在听觉处理异常。在简易听觉处理测试中，60%的儿童存在听力障碍。在SAPT中，言语声音记忆测试显示出更多错误（53.33%）；而在SSW中，86.67%的儿童表现出缺陷，表明在听觉背景-目标分辨、注意力和记忆技能方面存在不足。此外，两个年龄组在背景噪音条件下都有更多错误，8岁组大多数错误出现在左耳，9岁组结果类似。艾滋病毒感染儿童听力损失发生率高且伴有多种生物和环境因素，这表明需要：1）让家长和专业人员了解听觉改变对艾滋病毒感染儿童发育和学习的影响；2）尽早获得教育计划并由多学科团队进行随访，以尽量减少听觉缺陷造成的损害。
