Division of Poultry Breeding, Institute of Animal Breeding, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
Animal Biotechnology and Biosciences Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Poult Sci. 2017 Jun 1;96(6):1934-1938. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew474.
Normal tables provide an objective step-wise description of the morphological development of an embryo. Such tables have been described for the chicken, turkey, quail, and duck embryos, but there is no such staging table for goose embryos. As the goose has one of the longest incubation periods of all the poultry species and embryo mortality during incubation is relatively high, a normal table of goose embryo development would be useful in assessing the morpho-genetic status of the goose embryo before and during incubation. In this study, embryos were isolated from commercial White Koluda goose eggs stored no longer than four days in a cool room (18°C) prior to incubation and after 4, 8, 12, and 16 h of incubation. Embryo staging was based on the normal tables described for the chicken by Eyal-Giladi and Kochav (EGK) and Hamburger and Hamilton (HH). Goose embryos from unincubated eggs were at Stage X and XI EGK and after 16 h of incubation the majority of embryos were between Stages 2 and 4 HH. Our results suggest that while the stage of development of the embryo in the unincubated goose egg is similar to that reported for the chicken, although the diameter of goose embryo is slighter larger. Following incubation, a goose embryo advances more slowly than a chicken embryo up to 16 h of incubation.
正常表格提供了胚胎形态发育的客观逐步描述。已经为鸡、火鸡、鹌鹑和鸭胚胎描述了这样的表格，但鹅胚胎没有这样的分期表格。由于鹅的孵化期是所有家禽中最长的之一，并且孵化期间胚胎死亡率相对较高，因此在孵化前和孵化期间评估鹅胚胎的形态发生状态，一个正常的鹅胚胎发育表格将非常有用。在这项研究中，胚胎是从商业白 Koluda 鹅蛋中分离出来的，这些鹅蛋在孵化前在凉爽的房间（18°C）中储存不超过四天，然后在孵化后 4、8、12 和 16 小时进行孵化。胚胎分期基于 Eyal-Giladi 和 Kochav（EGK）和 Hamburger 和 Hamilton（HH）为鸡描述的正常表格。未孵化的鹅蛋中的鹅胚胎处于 EGK 的 X 和 XI 阶段，孵化 16 小时后，大多数胚胎处于 HH 的 2 到 4 阶段之间。我们的结果表明，虽然未孵化鹅蛋中胚胎的发育阶段与鸡相似，但鹅胚胎的直径略大。孵化后，鹅胚胎的发育速度比鸡胚胎慢，直到孵化 16 小时。
