Togias Alkis, Cooper Susan F, Acebal Maria L, Assa'ad Amal, Baker James R, Beck Lisa A, Block Julie, Byrd-Bredbenner Carol, Chan Edmond S, Eichenfield Lawrence F, Fleischer David M, Fuchs George J, Furuta Glenn T, Greenhawt Matthew J, Gupta Ruchi S, Habich Michele, Jones Stacie M, Keaton Kari, Muraro Antonella, Plaut Marshall, Rosenwasser Lanny J, Rotrosen Daniel, Sampson Hugh A, Schneider Lynda C, Sicherer Scott H, Sidbury Robert, Spergel Jonathan, Stukus David R, Venter Carina, Boyce Joshua A
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
The Board of Directors, Food Allergy Research & Education, McLean, Virginia.
Pediatr Dermatol. 2017 Jan;34(1):e1-e21. doi: 10.1111/pde.13093.
Food allergy is an important public health problem because it affects children and adults, can be severe and even life-threatening, and may be increasing in prevalence. Beginning in 2008, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, working with other organizations and advocacy groups, led the development of the first clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy. A recent landmark clinical trial and other emerging data suggest that peanut allergy can be prevented through introduction of peanut-containing foods beginning in infancy.
Prompted by these findings, along with 25 professional organizations, federal agencies, and patient advocacy groups, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases facilitated development of addendum guidelines to specifically address the prevention of peanut allergy.
The addendum provides three separate guidelines for infants at various risk levels for the development of peanut allergy and is intended for use by a wide variety of health care providers. Topics addressed include the definition of risk categories, appropriate use of testing (specific IgE measurement, skin prick tests, and oral food challenges), and the timing and approaches for introduction of peanut-containing foods in the health care provider's office or at home. The addendum guidelines provide the background, rationale, and strength of evidence for each recommendation.
Guidelines have been developed for early introduction of peanut-containing foods into the diets of infants at various risk levels for peanut allergy.
食物过敏是一个重要的公共卫生问题，因为它影响儿童和成人，可能很严重甚至危及生命，而且患病率可能在上升。从2008年开始，美国国立过敏与传染病研究所与其他组织和倡导团体合作，牵头制定了首个食物过敏诊断和管理临床指南。最近一项具有里程碑意义的临床试验及其他新出现的数据表明，从婴儿期开始引入含花生食物可预防花生过敏。
受这些研究结果以及25个专业组织、联邦机构和患者倡导团体的推动，美国国立过敏与传染病研究所推动制定了补充指南，专门针对花生过敏的预防。
该补充指南为处于不同花生过敏风险水平的婴儿提供了三条单独的指南，供各类医疗保健提供者使用。涉及的主题包括风险类别的定义、检测（特异性IgE测量、皮肤点刺试验和口服食物激发试验）的合理使用，以及在医疗保健提供者办公室或家中引入含花生食物的时间和方法。补充指南为每项建议提供了背景、理由和证据强度。
已制定指南，用于在不同花生过敏风险水平的婴儿饮食中尽早引入含花生食物。
