Leiviskä Tiina, Khalid Muhammad Kamran, Sarpola Arja, Tanskanen Juha
University of Oulu, Chemical Process Engineering, P.O. Box 4300, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland.
Oulu Water Alliance Ltd, Kaitoväylä 1 F2, 90570, Oulu, Finland.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Apr 1;190:231-242. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.063. Epub 2017 Jan 2.
This study investigated the removal of vanadium from real industrial wastewater by using six iron materials: commercial iron sorbent (CFH-12), commercial mineral sorbent (AQM), blast furnace sludge (BFS), steel converter sludge (SCS), ferrochrome slag (FeCr) and slag from a steel foundry (OKTO). Batch tests revealed that CFH-12 (ferric oxyhydroxide) removed vanadium most efficiently, which was explained by its high iron content and the amorphous form of the iron, and that the sorption followed the Langmuir isotherm. With a dosage of 10 g/l and an initial vanadium concentration of 58.2 mg/l, 91-94% removal rates for vanadium were achieved in the studied pH range (3-9). Other sorbents showed significantly lower efficiency than CFH-12, with the exception of BFS at acidic pH (93%). Based on the batch test results, CFH-12 was selected for a pilot study made on site. The pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of CFH-12 to remove vanadium at high temperature (80 °C) from concentrated industrial wastewater with fluctuating water quality (vanadium concentration varied from 51 to 83 mg/l, pH about 9 (at 25 °C)). Leaching of impurities (mainly S, Ca, Mg and K) into the effluent occurred during the first day, but subsequently good quality effluent was produced (e.g. <0.1 mg/l V). During the pilot study, the amorphous iron material of CFH-12 was crystallized into a hematite-like phase (Fe H O), and goethite (FeO(OH)) with a higher average pore diameter, probably due to the hot process conditions to which CFH-12 was exposed for over five days.
本研究使用六种铁材料考察了从实际工业废水中去除钒的效果，这六种铁材料分别为：商用铁吸附剂（CFH - 12）、商用矿物吸附剂（AQM）、高炉污泥（BFS）、炼钢转炉污泥（SCS）、铬铁渣（FeCr）以及铸钢厂炉渣（OKTO）。批量试验表明，CFH - 12（羟基氧化铁）去除钒的效率最高，这归因于其高铁含量和铁的无定形形态，且吸附遵循朗缪尔等温线。在投加量为10 g/l且初始钒浓度为58.2 mg/l的情况下，在所研究的pH范围（3 - 9）内，钒的去除率达到了91% - 94%。除了在酸性pH条件下的BFS（去除率为93%）外，其他吸附剂的效率明显低于CFH - 12。基于批量试验结果，选择CFH - 12进行现场中试研究。中试研究证明了CFH - 12在高温（80°C）下从水质波动的浓缩工业废水中去除钒的可行性（钒浓度在51至83 mg/l之间变化，pH约为9（25°C时））。在第一天，杂质（主要是S、Ca、Mg和K）会溶出到流出物中，但随后会产生优质的流出物（例如钒含量<0.1 mg/l）。在中试研究期间，CFH - 12的无定形铁材料结晶成赤铁矿样相（Fe₂O₃）和针铁矿（FeO(OH)），平均孔径更大，这可能是由于CFH - 12在五天多的时间里处于热工艺条件下所致。
