Pupin Rayane C, Leal Paula V, Lima Stephanie C, Melo Gleice Kelli A, Pott Arnildo, Araújo Marcelo A, Barros Claudio S L, Lemos Ricardo A A
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Senador Felinto Muller, 2443, Campo Grande, MS, 79074-460, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Toxicon. 2017 Feb;126:90-95. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.12.015. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
The ingestion of pods of Enterolobium contortisiliquum is associated with digestive disturbances, photosensitivity and abortion in domestic ruminants. This experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that digestive disturbances in this toxicosis are really caused by acute ruminal acidosis. Three sheep fed large doses (10-15 g/kg/body weight [bw]) of E. contortisiliquum pods developed ruminal acidosis and were treated with sodium bicarbonate to try to control this metabolic disturbance, thus providing additional evidence of the involvement of ruminal acidosis in the pathogenesis of toxicosis. Two of the sheep died, and one recovered after treatment. In the two sheep that developed severe signs of ruminal acidosis, the values of blood lactate were 18 mg/dL and 196.88 mg/dL, indicating metabolic acidosis as the cause of death. Additionally, four sheep developed elevated serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase, indicating that the pods had hepatotoxic effects. Necropsy findings included the accentuation of the hepatic lobular pattern and multiple focally extensive red areas in the rumen mucosa and on the surface of the liver. Repeated ingestion of small doses induced tolerance but did not induce cumulative effects. Histopathologically, the epithelial mucosa of the rumen and reticulum exhibited swollen and vacuolated epithelia with intraepithelial pustules. Focal ulceration of the mucosa was also observed. Multifocal vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes and scattered individual hepatocellular necrosis were evident in the liver. We concluded that the main clinical manifestation of intoxication by E. contortisiliquum pods in sheep was acute ruminal lactic acidosis and metabolic acidosis. Ingestion of repeated sublethal doses could stimulate proliferation of the ruminal fauna that degrades the sugar present in the pods, and thereby prevent the occurrence of ruminal acidosis. The plant is also hepatotoxic, and no abortions were observed.
家畜反刍动物摄入扭序决明的豆荚会出现消化紊乱、光敏反应和流产症状。本实验旨在验证下述假设：这种中毒症状中的消化紊乱是由急性瘤胃酸中毒所致。三只绵羊被投喂大剂量（10 - 15克/千克体重）的扭序决明豆荚后出现瘤胃酸中毒，随后用碳酸氢钠进行治疗以控制这种代谢紊乱，从而为瘤胃酸中毒参与中毒发病机制提供了更多证据。其中两只绵羊死亡，一只经治疗后康复。在出现严重瘤胃酸中毒症状的两只绵羊中，血乳酸值分别为18毫克/分升和196.88毫克/分升，表明代谢性酸中毒是致死原因。此外，四只绵羊的血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶和γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平升高，表明豆荚具有肝毒性。尸检结果包括肝小叶模式明显、瘤胃黏膜和肝脏表面出现多处局灶性广泛红色区域。反复摄入小剂量会产生耐受性，但不会产生累积效应。组织病理学检查显示，瘤胃和网胃的上皮黏膜上皮肿胀、空泡化，上皮内有脓疱。还观察到黏膜有局灶性溃疡。肝脏中可见肝细胞多灶性空泡变性和散在的单个肝细胞坏死。我们得出结论，绵羊摄入扭序决明豆荚中毒的主要临床表现为急性瘤胃酸中毒和代谢性酸中毒。反复摄入亚致死剂量可刺激瘤胃微生物群增殖，这些微生物可降解豆荚中的糖分，从而预防瘤胃酸中毒的发生。该植物还具有肝毒性，且未观察到流产现象。
