Remon Jordi, Besse Benjamin
aGustave Roussy, Cancer Medicine Department, Villejuif bParis Sud University, Paris, France.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2017 Mar;29(2):97-104. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000351.
Evading immune destruction is a hallmark of cancer. The first therapeutic wave in immunotherapies comprised a series of monoclonal antibodies directed against the immune checkpoint molecules cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed death 1 (PD-1), and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) revolutionizing the therapeutic landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. They were validated initially as second-line treatment, becoming the new standard of care.
Based on immunotherapies efficacy, different strategies are being successfully investigated in first-line treatment, including frontline immune checkpoint inhibitors, and combination with chemotherapy or with other immune checkpoint inhibitors. In accordance with recent results, US Food and Drug Administration approved a checkpoint inhibitor for first-line treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer whose tumors have high PD-L1 expression, and European Medicines Agency approval is expected in early 2017.
In this review, we summarize the main results of the various strategic clinical development approaches used to date, as well as in ongoing clinical trials.
逃避免疫破坏是癌症的一个标志。免疫疗法的第一轮治疗浪潮包括一系列针对免疫检查点分子细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关蛋白4、程序性死亡蛋白1（PD-1）和程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）的单克隆抗体，彻底改变了晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗格局。它们最初被验证为二线治疗药物，成为新的治疗标准。
基于免疫疗法的疗效，一线治疗中正在成功研究不同的策略，包括一线免疫检查点抑制剂，以及与化疗或其他免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用。根据最近的结果，美国食品药品监督管理局批准了一种检查点抑制剂用于一线治疗肿瘤具有高PD-L1表达的转移性非小细胞肺癌，预计欧洲药品管理局将于2017年初批准。
在本综述中，我们总结了迄今为止使用的各种战略临床开发方法以及正在进行的临床试验的主要结果。
